योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-169, verse-1

श्रीवसिष्ठ उवाच ।
न सुखाय सुखं यस्य दुःखं दुःखाय यस्य नो ।
अन्तर्मुखमतेर्नित्यं स मुक्त इति कथ्यते ॥ १ ॥

śrīvasiṣṭha uvāca ,
na sukhāya sukhaṃ yasya duḥkhaṃ duḥkhāya yasya no ,
antarmukhamaternityaṃ sa mukta iti kathyate 1

1. śrī vasiṣṭhaḥ uvāca | na sukhāya
sukham yasya duḥkham duḥkhāya
yasya no | antarmukhamateḥ
nityam saḥ muktaḥ iti kathyate ||

1. śrī vasiṣṭhaḥ uvāca yasya sukham sukhāya na,
yasya duḥkham duḥkhāya no,
saḥ nityam antarmukhamateḥ muktaḥ iti kathyate

1. Śrī Vasiṣṭha said: He for whom happiness is not (sought) for happiness itself, and suffering (duḥkha) is not (experienced) for suffering itself; he whose mind is perpetually turned inward, is said to be liberated (mokṣa).

Words meanings summery:

• श्री (śrī) - revered, venerable (revered, glorious, prosperity)

• वसिष्ठः (vasiṣṭhaḥ) - Vasiṣṭha (proper noun)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• न (na) - not

• सुखाय (sukhāya) - for happiness, for the sake of happiness

• सुखम् (sukham) - happiness (itself) (happiness, pleasure)

• यस्य (yasya) - whose, of whom

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - suffering (itself) (suffering, unhappiness)

• दुःखाय (duḥkhāya) - for suffering, for the sake of suffering

• यस्य (yasya) - whose, of whom

• नो (no) - not

• अन्तर्मुखमतेः (antarmukhamateḥ) - of one whose mind is turned inward, introspective

• नित्यम् (nityam) - perpetually (always, eternally, constantly)

• सः (saḥ) - he, that (person)

• मुक्तः (muktaḥ) - (is) liberated (mokṣa) (liberated, released, freed)

• इति (iti) - (introduces a designation) (thus, so)

• कथ्यते (kathyate) - is called, is said, is declared

Words meanings and morphology

श्री (śrī) - revered, venerable (revered, glorious, prosperity)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrī

śrī - splendor, prosperity, revered, glorious

Note: Honorific.

वसिष्ठः (vasiṣṭhaḥ) - Vasiṣṭha (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vasiṣṭha

vasiṣṭha - Vasiṣṭha (name of a celebrated Vedic sage)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root vac, perfect tense, 3rd person singular.

Root: vac (class 2)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the implied verb 'is'.

सुखाय (sukhāya) - for happiness, for the sake of happiness

(noun)

Dative, neuter, singular of sukha

sukha - happiness, pleasure, ease

Note: Expresses purpose.

सुखम् (sukham) - happiness (itself) (happiness, pleasure)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sukha

sukha - happiness, pleasure, ease

Note: Subject of the clause.

यस्य (yasya) - whose, of whom

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what (relative pronoun)

Note: Refers to the person being described.

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - suffering (itself) (suffering, unhappiness)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - suffering, pain, unhappiness, sorrow (duḥkha)

Note: Subject of the clause.

दुःखाय (duḥkhāya) - for suffering, for the sake of suffering

(noun)

Dative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - suffering, pain, unhappiness, sorrow (duḥkha)

Note: Expresses purpose.

यस्य (yasya) - whose, of whom

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what (relative pronoun)

Note: Refers to the person being described.

नो (no) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Equivalent to `na`.

अन्तर्मुखमतेः (antarmukhamateḥ) - of one whose mind is turned inward, introspective

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of antarmukhamati

antarmukhamati - one whose mind is turned inward, introspective

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (antar+mukha+mati)

• antar – within, inner
  indeclinable
• mukha – face, mouth, direction
  noun (neuter)
• mati – mind, intellect, thought
  noun (feminine)
  Root: man (class 4)

Note: Qualifies the `saḥ` (that person).

नित्यम् (nityam) - perpetually (always, eternally, constantly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb modifying the state of `antarmukhamati`.

सः (saḥ) - he, that (person)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - he, she, it, that (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Refers to the person described by the relative clauses.

मुक्तः (muktaḥ) - (is) liberated (mokṣa) (liberated, released, freed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mukta

mukta - liberated, released, freed, delivered

Past Passive Participle

From root muc (to release) + kta

Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Predicate adjective for `saḥ`.

इति (iti) - (introduces a designation) (thus, so)

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces the designation 'liberated'.

कथ्यते (kathyate) - is called, is said, is declared

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of kath

Root kath, 10th conjugation, ātmanepada, present passive.

Root: kath (class 10)