योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-87, verse-31

कथं बन्धः कथं मोक्ष इति प्रश्रानुदाहरन् ।
पारावारविदां पादान्कस्माद्राजन्न सेवसे ॥ ३१ ॥

kathaṃ bandhaḥ kathaṃ mokṣa iti praśrānudāharan ,
pārāvāravidāṃ pādānkasmādrājanna sevase 31

31. katham bandhaḥ katham mokṣaḥ iti praśrān udāharan
| pārāvāravidām pādān kasmāt rājan na sevase ||

31. rājan katham bandhaḥ katham mokṣaḥ iti praśrān udāharan,
kasmāt pārāvāravidām pādān na sevase?

31. O King, when you are asking questions like 'How does bondage occur?' and 'How is final liberation (mokṣa) attained?', why do you not serve at the feet of those who have crossed the ocean of existence (meaning, those who are experts in spiritual knowledge)?

Words meanings summery:

• कथम् (katham) - how?

• बन्धः (bandhaḥ) - bondage, fetter, tying

• कथम् (katham) - how?

• मोक्षः (mokṣaḥ) - final liberation (liberation, release, emancipation)

• इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner (marks direct speech or thought)

• प्रश्रान् (praśrān) - questions

• उदाहरन् (udāharan) - uttering, stating, raising

• पारावारविदाम् (pārāvāravidām) - of those who are experts in spiritual knowledge, who have crossed the ocean of existence (of those who know both shores (of existence), of those who know the whole extent of truth)

• पादान् (pādān) - feet

• कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why?, from what?

• राजन् (rājan) - O king!

• न (na) - not, no

• सेवसे (sevase) - you serve, you honor

Words meanings and morphology

कथम् (katham) - how?

(indeclinable)

बन्धः (bandhaḥ) - bondage, fetter, tying

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bandha

bandha - binding, bondage, fetter, imprisonment

Root: bandh (class 1)

कथम् (katham) - how?

(indeclinable)

मोक्षः (mokṣaḥ) - final liberation (liberation, release, emancipation)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mokṣa

mokṣa - liberation, release, emancipation, final release from transmigration

Root: muc (class 6)

इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner (marks direct speech or thought)

(indeclinable)

प्रश्रान् (praśrān) - questions

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of praśna

praśna - question, inquiry, query

Prefix: pra

Root: śrā (class 9)

उदाहरन् (udāharan) - uttering, stating, raising

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of udāharan

udāharan - uttering, stating, raising, citing

Present Active Participle

Derived from root hṛ (to carry, bring, take) with prefixes ud and ā.

Prefixes: ud+ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

पारावारविदाम् (pārāvāravidām) - of those who are experts in spiritual knowledge, who have crossed the ocean of existence (of those who know both shores (of existence), of those who know the whole extent of truth)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pārāvāravid

pārāvāravid - knower of both shores, knower of the whole extent, one who has crossed the ocean of existence

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pārāvāra+vid)

• pārāvāra – the farther and nearer banks, the whole extent, the ocean of existence
  noun (neuter)
• vid – knower, understanding
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  Derived from the root 'vid' (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)

पादान् (pādān) - feet

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pāda

pāda - foot, leg, ray, quarter

कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why?, from what?

(indeclinable)

Ablative singular of the interrogative pronoun 'kim' used adverbially.

राजन् (rājan) - O king!

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

सेवसे (sevase) - you serve, you honor

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of sev

Root: sev (class 1)