योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-1, verse-2

कथयत्येवमुद्दामवचने मुनिनायके ।
श्रवणैकरसे मौनस्थिते राजकुमारके ॥ २ ॥

kathayatyevamuddāmavacane munināyake ,
śravaṇaikarase maunasthite rājakumārake 2

2. kathayati evam uddāma-vacane muni-nāyake
śravaṇa-eka-rase mauna-sthite rāja-kumārake

2. While the chief of sages was speaking thus with unrestrained words, and the prince remained silent, his sole delight being to listen.

Words meanings summery:

• कथयति (kathayati) - while speaking (he narrates, he tells, while telling)

• एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, in this manner, so)

• उद्दाम-वचने (uddāma-vacane) - with unrestrained words (in unrestrained speech, with mighty words)

• मुनि-नायके (muni-nāyake) - when the chief of sages (in the chief of sages, when the chief of sages (was speaking))

• श्रवण-एक-रसे (śravaṇa-eka-rase) - whose sole delight was listening (whose sole delight is listening, whose one passion is hearing)

• मौन-स्थिते (mauna-sthite) - remaining silent (remaining silent, in a state of silence)

• राज-कुमारके (rāja-kumārake) - when the prince (in the prince, when the prince (was))

Words meanings and morphology

कथयति (kathayati) - while speaking (he narrates, he tells, while telling)

(nominal form)

Locative, masculine, singular of kath

kath - to tell, to narrate

Present Active Participle (Locative Singular)

From the causative stem 'kathaya-' derived from root 'kath', here used as a present participle in locative absolute construction.

Root: kath (class 10)

Note: Syntactically agrees with 'muni-nāyake'.

एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies 'kathayati'.

उद्दाम-वचने (uddāma-vacane) - with unrestrained words (in unrestrained speech, with mighty words)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of uddāma-vacana

uddāma-vacana - unrestrained speech, mighty words

Compound type : karmadhāraya (uddāma+vacana)

• uddāma – unrestrained, fierce, strong, lofty
  adjective
  Compound of 'ud' (up) + 'dāma' (rope, bond). 'ud-dāma' means 'unbound, unrestrained'.
• vacana – speech, word, saying
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root 'vac' (to speak).
  Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Refers to the words spoken by the sage.

मुनि-नायके (muni-nāyake) - when the chief of sages (in the chief of sages, when the chief of sages (was speaking))

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of muni-nāyaka

muni-nāyaka - chief of sages, leader of ascetics

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (muni+nāyaka)

• muni – sage, ascetic, seer
  noun (masculine)
• nāyaka – leader, chief, guide
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'nī' (to lead).
  Root: nī (class 1)

Note: The subject of the first locative absolute.

श्रवण-एक-रसे (śravaṇa-eka-rase) - whose sole delight was listening (whose sole delight is listening, whose one passion is hearing)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of śravaṇa-eka-rasa

śravaṇa-eka-rasa - whose sole delight/essence is hearing

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śravaṇa+eka+rasa)

• śravaṇa – hearing, listening, ear
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root 'śru' (to hear).
  Root: śru (class 5)
• eka – one, single, sole
  numeral/adjective
• rasa – juice, taste, essence, delight, feeling
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'rāja-kumārake'.

मौन-स्थिते (mauna-sthite) - remaining silent (remaining silent, in a state of silence)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of mauna-sthita

mauna-sthita - standing in silence, remaining silent

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mauna+sthita)

• mauna – silence, taciturnity
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from 'muni'.
• sthita – stood, situated, remaining, abiding
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'sthā' (to stand).
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'rāja-kumārake'.

राज-कुमारके (rāja-kumārake) - when the prince (in the prince, when the prince (was))

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of rāja-kumāra

rāja-kumāra - prince, royal son

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (rājan+kumāra)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• kumāra – boy, youth, prince, son
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Prince Rāma, the listener.