योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-1, verse-2

कथयत्येवमुद्दामवचने मुनिनायके ।
श्रवणैकरसे मौनस्थिते राजकुमारके ॥ २ ॥

kathayatyevamuddāmavacane munināyake ,
śravaṇaikarase maunasthite rājakumārake 2

2. kathayati evam uddāma-vacane muni-nāyake
śravaṇa-eka-rase mauna-sthite rāja-kumārake

2. While the chief of sages was speaking thus with unrestrained words, and the prince remained silent, his sole delight being to listen.

2. בשעה שמנהיג הַמּוּנִי (הפרושים) דיבר בדברים נשגבים אלה, והנסיך הצעיר ישב בדממה, כולו שקוע בהאזנה...

Words meanings summery:

• कथयति (kathayati) - while speaking (he narrates, he tells, while telling)

• एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, in this manner, so)

• उद्दाम-वचने (uddāma-vacane) - with unrestrained words (in unrestrained speech, with mighty words)

• मुनि-नायके (muni-nāyake) - when the chief of sages (in the chief of sages, when the chief of sages (was speaking))

• श्रवण-एक-रसे (śravaṇa-eka-rase) - whose sole delight was listening (whose sole delight is listening, whose one passion is hearing)

• मौन-स्थिते (mauna-sthite) - remaining silent (remaining silent, in a state of silence)

• राज-कुमारके (rāja-kumārake) - when the prince (in the prince, when the prince (was))

Words meanings and morphology

कथयति (kathayati) - while speaking (he narrates, he tells, while telling)

(nominal form)

Locative, masculine, singular of kath

kath - to tell, to narrate

Present Active Participle (Locative Singular)

From the causative stem 'kathaya-' derived from root 'kath', here used as a present participle in locative absolute construction.

Root: kath (class 10)

Note: Syntactically agrees with 'muni-nāyake'.

एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies 'kathayati'.

उद्दाम-वचने (uddāma-vacane) - with unrestrained words (in unrestrained speech, with mighty words)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of uddāma-vacana

uddāma-vacana - unrestrained speech, mighty words

Compound type : karmadhāraya (uddāma+vacana)

• uddāma – unrestrained, fierce, strong, lofty
  adjective
  Compound of 'ud' (up) + 'dāma' (rope, bond). 'ud-dāma' means 'unbound, unrestrained'.
• vacana – speech, word, saying
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root 'vac' (to speak).
  Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Refers to the words spoken by the sage.

मुनि-नायके (muni-nāyake) - when the chief of sages (in the chief of sages, when the chief of sages (was speaking))

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of muni-nāyaka

muni-nāyaka - chief of sages, leader of ascetics

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (muni+nāyaka)

• muni – sage, ascetic, seer
  noun (masculine)
• nāyaka – leader, chief, guide
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'nī' (to lead).
  Root: nī (class 1)

Note: The subject of the first locative absolute.

श्रवण-एक-रसे (śravaṇa-eka-rase) - whose sole delight was listening (whose sole delight is listening, whose one passion is hearing)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of śravaṇa-eka-rasa

śravaṇa-eka-rasa - whose sole delight/essence is hearing

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śravaṇa+eka+rasa)

• śravaṇa – hearing, listening, ear
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root 'śru' (to hear).
  Root: śru (class 5)
• eka – one, single, sole
  numeral/adjective
• rasa – juice, taste, essence, delight, feeling
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'rāja-kumārake'.

मौन-स्थिते (mauna-sthite) - remaining silent (remaining silent, in a state of silence)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of mauna-sthita

mauna-sthita - standing in silence, remaining silent

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mauna+sthita)

• mauna – silence, taciturnity
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from 'muni'.
• sthita – stood, situated, remaining, abiding
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'sthā' (to stand).
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'rāja-kumārake'.

राज-कुमारके (rāja-kumārake) - when the prince (in the prince, when the prince (was))

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of rāja-kumāra

rāja-kumāra - prince, royal son

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (rājan+kumāra)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• kumāra – boy, youth, prince, son
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Prince Rāma, the listener.

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