योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-49, verse-4

उवाच गाधिं भगवान्मयूरमिव वारिदः ।
किं त्वं प्रार्थयसे भूयस्तपसेति प्रसादवान् ॥ ४ ॥

uvāca gādhiṃ bhagavānmayūramiva vāridaḥ ,
kiṃ tvaṃ prārthayase bhūyastapaseti prasādavān 4

4. uvāca gādhim bhagavān mayūram iva vāridaḥ kim
tvam prārthayase bhūyaḥ tapasā iti prasādavān

4. prasādavān bhagavān gādhim uvāca,
vāridaḥ mayūram iva,
"kim tvam bhūyaḥ tapasā prārthayase?" iti.

4. The gracious Lord spoke to Gādhi, much like a cloud speaks to a peacock (in a comforting manner): "What further penance (tapas) do you seek?"

Words meanings summery:

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• गाधिम् (gādhim) - to Gādhi

• भगवान् (bhagavān) - the Lord, the divine one, the venerable one

• मयूरम् (mayūram) - a peacock

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• वारिदः (vāridaḥ) - a cloud (lit. water-giver)

• किम् (kim) - what? why?

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• प्रार्थयसे (prārthayase) - you seek, you desire, you request

• भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again, further, more

• तपसा (tapasā) - by penance, for penance, through austerity (tapas)

• इति (iti) - thus, so saying, indicating a quotation

• प्रसादवान् (prasādavān) - gracious, benevolent, favorably disposed

Words meanings and morphology

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active

3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

गाधिम् (gādhim) - to Gādhi

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gādhi

gādhi - Gādhi (name of a king)

भगवान् (bhagavān) - the Lord, the divine one, the venerable one

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - divine, glorious, venerable, auspicious

Note: Used as a title for a revered deity or person.

मयूरम् (mayūram) - a peacock

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mayūra

mayūra - peacock

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

वारिदः (vāridaḥ) - a cloud (lit. water-giver)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vārida

vārida - cloud

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vāri+da)

• vāri – water
  noun (neuter)
• da – giving, bestowing
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun from root "dā"
  Root: dā (class 3)

किम् (kim) - what? why?

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what? who? which?

Note: Often used as an interrogative particle.

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

प्रार्थयसे (prārthayase) - you seek, you desire, you request

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of prārth

Present Middle

2nd person singular

Prefix: pra

Root: arth (class 10)

Note: From root 'arth' with prefix 'pra'.

भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again, further, more

(indeclinable)

comparative of 'bahu' or 'bhūri'

तपसा (tapasā) - by penance, for penance, through austerity (tapas)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - penance, austerity, spiritual fervor, heat

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Can imply "for the sake of" in this context.

इति (iti) - thus, so saying, indicating a quotation

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks the end of a direct quote.

प्रसादवान् (prasādavān) - gracious, benevolent, favorably disposed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prasādavat

prasādavat - possessing grace, benevolent, kind

possessive suffix -vat

Prefix: pra

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'bhagavān'.