योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-15, verse-40

सूर्यस्य प्रतिबिम्बानि क्षुभ्यन्ति न पुनः स्थिरम् ।
चलाचलतया तज्ज्ञो लोकवृत्तिषु तिष्ठति ॥ ४० ॥

sūryasya pratibimbāni kṣubhyanti na punaḥ sthiram ,
calācalatayā tajjño lokavṛttiṣu tiṣṭhati 40

40. sūryasya pratibimbāni kṣubhyanti na punaḥ
sthiram calācalatayā tajjñaḥ lokavṛttiṣu tiṣṭhati

40. sūryasya pratibimbāni kṣubhyanti punaḥ sthiram (sūryaḥ) na.
calācalatayā tajjñaḥ lokavṛttiṣu tiṣṭhati.

40. Just as the sun's (sūrya) reflections are agitated, but the stable sun itself is not, so too the knower of truth (tajjña) remains amidst the changing and unchanging nature of worldly activities.

Words meanings summery:

• सूर्यस्य (sūryasya) - of the sun (sūrya) (of the sun)

• प्रतिबिम्बानि (pratibimbāni) - reflections, images

• क्षुभ्यन्ति (kṣubhyanti) - they are agitated, they are disturbed, they tremble

• न (na) - not, no

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, but, on the other hand, moreover

• स्थिरम् (sthiram) - the stable [sun] (steady, firm, stable)

• चलाचलतया (calācalatayā) - by the changing and unchanging nature (of the world) (due to agitation and stillness, by reason of changeability, with its moving and unmoving nature)

• तज्ज्ञः (tajjñaḥ) - the knower of truth (tajjña) (the knower of that, the knower of truth)

• लोकवृत्तिषु (lokavṛttiṣu) - in the ways of the world (in worldly activities, in the ways of the world)

• तिष्ठति (tiṣṭhati) - he stands, he remains, he abides

Words meanings and morphology

सूर्यस्य (sūryasya) - of the sun (sūrya) (of the sun)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sūrya

sūrya - sun, the sun-god

Root: sū (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'pratibimbāni'.

प्रतिबिम्बानि (pratibimbāni) - reflections, images

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of pratibimba

pratibimba - reflection, image, counterpart

Prefix: prati

Root: bimb

Note: Subject of 'kṣubhyanti'.

क्षुभ्यन्ति (kṣubhyanti) - they are agitated, they are disturbed, they tremble

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of kṣubh

Present Indicative

Root: kṣubh (class 4)

Note: The subject is 'pratibimbāni'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

Note: Negates 'kṣubhyanti' for the implied subject 'sthiram (sūryaḥ)'.

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, but, on the other hand, moreover

(indeclinable)

स्थिरम् (sthiram) - the stable [sun] (steady, firm, stable)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sthira

sthira - fixed, firm, steady, constant, immovable

From root sthā (to stand).

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Functions as the predicate adjective for the implied subject 'sūryaḥ'.

चलाचलतया (calācalatayā) - by the changing and unchanging nature (of the world) (due to agitation and stillness, by reason of changeability, with its moving and unmoving nature)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of calācalatā

calācalatā - state of moving and unmoving, changeability, agitation

Derived from calācala (moving and unmoving) with suffix -tā (feminine noun forming).

Compound type : dvandva (cala+acala)

• cala – moving, trembling, unsteady
  adjective
  From root cal (to move).
  Root: cal (class 1)
• acala – unmoving, steady, firm
  adjective
  Negative compound of cala.
  Prefix: a

Note: Denotes the means or cause of remaining (amidst such activities).

तज्ज्ञः (tajjñaḥ) - the knower of truth (tajjña) (the knower of that, the knower of truth)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tajjña

tajjña - knowing that, skilled in that, a connoisseur, a knower of truth/reality

Compound type : tatpurusha (tad+jña)

• tad – that, it
  pronoun (neuter)
  Neuter stem.
• jña – knowing, acquainted with, a knower
  adjective
  From root jñā (to know).
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Subject of 'tiṣṭhati'.

लोकवृत्तिषु (lokavṛttiṣu) - in the ways of the world (in worldly activities, in the ways of the world)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, plural of lokavṛtti

lokavṛtti - worldly conduct, custom of the world, worldly affairs

Compound type : tatpurusha (loka+vṛtti)

• loka – world, people, universe
  noun (masculine)
  Root: lok (class 1)
• vṛtti – course, conduct, state, situation, activity
  noun (feminine)
  From root vṛt (to turn, exist).
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Indicates the sphere of action or existence.

तिष्ठति (tiṣṭhati) - he stands, he remains, he abides

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of sthā

Present Indicative

Root: sthā (class 1)