योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-15, verse-12

देहेनाहंविलासेषु येनैव मुदितोऽभवम् ।
कङ्कालतामुपगतात्तस्मादेव बिभेम्यहम् ॥ १२ ॥

dehenāhaṃvilāseṣu yenaiva mudito'bhavam ,
kaṅkālatāmupagatāttasmādeva bibhemyaham 12

12. dehena ahaṃvilāseṣu yena eva muditaḥ abhavam
kaṅkālatām upagatāt tasmāt eva bibhemi aham

12. aham yena eva dehena ahaṃvilāseṣu muditaḥ abhavam
tasmāt eva kaṅkālatām upagatāt aham bibhemi

12. I was once delighted by this very body (deha) in its self-indulgent pleasures (ahaṃ-vilāsa). Now, from that very body, which has transformed into a skeletal state, I am afraid.

Words meanings summery:

• देहेन (dehena) - by this body (by the body)

• अहंविलासेषु (ahaṁvilāseṣu) - in self-indulgent pleasures (in ego-pleasures, in self-indulgent pleasures)

• येन (yena) - by which (body) (by which)

• एव (eva) - very (only, indeed, very)

• मुदितः (muditaḥ) - delighted, joyful (delighted, joyful, pleased)

• अभवम् (abhavam) - I became, I was

• कङ्कालताम् (kaṅkālatām) - into a skeletal state (state of being a skeleton, skeletal state)

• उपगतात् (upagatāt) - from that which has transformed into (from that which has gone to, from that which has attained)

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - from that very (body) (from that)

• एव (eva) - very (only, indeed, very)

• बिभेमि (bibhemi) - I am afraid (I fear, I am afraid)

• अहम् (aham) - I

Words meanings and morphology

देहेन (dehena) - by this body (by the body)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of deha

deha - body, form, physical frame

Root: dih (class 4)

अहंविलासेषु (ahaṁvilāseṣu) - in self-indulgent pleasures (in ego-pleasures, in self-indulgent pleasures)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of ahaṃvilāsa

ahaṁvilāsa - ego-pleasure, self-indulgent pleasure

Compound: aham (ego/self) + vilāsa (pleasure). Internal sandhi: m + v = ṃv.

Compound type : tatpurusha (aham+vilāsa)

• aham – I, ego, self
  pronoun
• vilāsa – pleasure, sport, amusement, dalliance
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root las (to sport, to shine) with prefix vi.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: las (class 1)

येन (yena) - by which (body) (by which)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

एव (eva) - very (only, indeed, very)

(indeclinable)

मुदितः (muditaḥ) - delighted, joyful (delighted, joyful, pleased)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mudita

mudita - delighted, joyful, pleased, glad

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root mud (to rejoice).

Root: mud (class 1)

Note: Refers to 'aham' (implied subject).

अभवम् (abhavam) - I became, I was

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Imperfect active indicative

1st person singular, imperfect tense, active voice.

Root: bhū (class 1)

कङ्कालताम् (kaṅkālatām) - into a skeletal state (state of being a skeleton, skeletal state)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kaṅkālatā

kaṅkālatā - skeletal state, state of being a skeleton

Derived from kaṅkāla (skeleton) with suffix tā (state of being).

Note: Object of the participle 'upagatāt'.

उपगतात् (upagatāt) - from that which has transformed into (from that which has gone to, from that which has attained)

(adjective)

Ablative, masculine, singular of upagata

upagata - gone to, approached, attained, transformed into

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root gam (to go) with prefix upa.

Prefix: upa

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Modifies the implied 'deha' (body) or 'tad' (that).

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - from that very (body) (from that)

(pronoun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, those

एव (eva) - very (only, indeed, very)

(indeclinable)

बिभेमि (bibhemi) - I am afraid (I fear, I am afraid)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhī

Present active indicative

1st person singular, present tense, active voice. Reduplicated root.

Root: bhī (class 3)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of mad

mad - I

Note: Subject of the verb 'bibhemi'.