योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-15, verse-36

ये परिज्ञातगतयो ये चाज्ञाः पशुधर्मिणः ।
लोकसंव्यवहारेषु ते स्थिता लोकजालवत् ॥ ३६ ॥

ye parijñātagatayo ye cājñāḥ paśudharmiṇaḥ ,
lokasaṃvyavahāreṣu te sthitā lokajālavat 36

36. ye parijñātagatayaḥ ye ca ajñāḥ paśudharmiṇaḥ
lokasaṃvyavahāreṣu te sthitāḥ lokajālavat

36. ye parijñātagatayaḥ ca ye ajñāḥ paśudharmiṇaḥ,
te lokasaṃvyavahāreṣu lokajālavat sthitāḥ

36. Both those whose ultimate path is known (the wise) and those who are ignorant, possessing an animal-like nature (dharma), remain engaged in worldly interactions, just like creatures caught in a worldly net.

Words meanings summery:

• ये (ye) - those who, which (masc. nom. pl.)

• परिज्ञातगतयः (parijñātagatayaḥ) - those whose ultimate path is known (the wise) (whose path is well-known, who have understood the ultimate truth)

• ये (ye) - those who, which (masc. nom. pl.)

• च (ca) - and

• अज्ञाः (ajñāḥ) - ignorant (ignorant, unwise (masc. nom. pl.))

• पशुधर्मिणः (paśudharmiṇaḥ) - possessing an animal-like nature (dharma) (having the nature of animals, animal-like)

• लोकसंव्यवहारेषु (lokasaṁvyavahāreṣu) - in worldly interactions (in worldly interactions/dealings)

• ते (te) - they (masc. nom. pl.)

• स्थिताः (sthitāḥ) - remain engaged, are situated (situated, standing, abiding, remaining)

• लोकजालवत् (lokajālavat) - just like creatures caught in a worldly net (like a net of the world, like a worldly snare)

Words meanings and morphology

ये (ye) - those who, which (masc. nom. pl.)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what, that

Relative pronoun.

Note: Subject of the dependent clause.

परिज्ञातगतयः (parijñātagatayaḥ) - those whose ultimate path is known (the wise) (whose path is well-known, who have understood the ultimate truth)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of parijñātagati

parijñātagati - one whose goal/nature is completely known, one who has fully understood the truth

Bahuvrīhi compound: `parijñāta` (well-known/understood) + `gati` (path/state/goal).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (parijñāta+gati)

• parijñāta – completely known, well-understood
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `jñā` (to know) with prefix `pari`.
  Prefix: pari
  Root: jñā (class 9)
• gati – going, movement, path, course, state, goal, ultimate truth
  noun (feminine)
  From root `gam` (to go).
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Refers to the wise individuals.

ये (ye) - those who, which (masc. nom. pl.)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what, that

Relative pronoun.

Note: Subject of the dependent clause.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Connects the two `ye` clauses.

अज्ञाः (ajñāḥ) - ignorant (ignorant, unwise (masc. nom. pl.))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ajña

ajña - ignorant, unwise, one who does not know

Negative prefix `a` + `jña`.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+jña)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• jña – knowing, wise, one who knows
  noun/adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root `jñā` (to know).
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Adjective to `ye`.

पशुधर्मिणः (paśudharmiṇaḥ) - possessing an animal-like nature (dharma) (having the nature of animals, animal-like)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of paśudharmin

paśudharmin - having the nature of an animal, animal-like

Compound `paśu` (animal) + `dharmin` (having the `dharma`).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (paśu+dharmin)

• paśu – animal, cattle, beast
  noun (masculine)
  From root `paś` (to bind) or `paśu` itself.
• dharmin – having a quality, possessing a dharma, possessing an attribute
  adjective (masculine)
  From `dharma` (natural law, intrinsic nature) + `in` (possessive suffix).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Adjective to `ajñāḥ`.

लोकसंव्यवहारेषु (lokasaṁvyavahāreṣu) - in worldly interactions (in worldly interactions/dealings)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of lokasaṃvyavahāra

lokasaṁvyavahāra - worldly activities, common practice, social customs

Tatpuruṣa compound: `loka` (world) + `saṃvyavahāra` (interaction). `saṃvyavahāra` itself from `vyavahāra` with `sam`.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (loka+saṃvyavahāra)

• loka – world, people, society
  noun (masculine)
  From root `lok` (to see).
  Root: lok (class 1)
• saṃvyavahāra – complete interaction, worldly activity, convention
  noun (masculine)
  From root `hṛ` with prefixes `sam`, `vi`, `ava`.
  Prefixes: sam+vi+ava
  Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Location where they are situated.

ते (te) - they (masc. nom. pl.)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Subject of the main clause.

स्थिताः (sthitāḥ) - remain engaged, are situated (situated, standing, abiding, remaining)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sthita

sthita - stood, standing, situated, existing, firm, established

Past Passive Participle

From root `sthā` (to stand).

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Functions as a predicate verb "are situated".

लोकजालवत् (lokajālavat) - just like creatures caught in a worldly net (like a net of the world, like a worldly snare)

(indeclinable)

`loka` (world) + `jāla` (net) + `vat` (like).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (loka+jāla+-vat)

• loka – world, people, society
  noun (masculine)
  From root `lok` (to see).
  Root: lok (class 1)
• jāla – net, snare, web
  noun (neuter)
  Root: jal (class 10)
• -vat – like, as, in the manner of
  suffix
  Adverbial suffix.

Note: Describes how they are situated.

Previous Verse Next Verse