योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-99, verse-38

यदिदं विततं दुःखं तत्तनोति स्वयं मनः ।
स्वयमेवातिखिन्नं तु पुनस्तस्मात्पलायते ॥ ३८ ॥

yadidaṃ vitataṃ duḥkhaṃ tattanoti svayaṃ manaḥ ,
svayamevātikhinnaṃ tu punastasmātpalāyate 38

38. yat idam vitatam duḥkham tat tanoti svayam manaḥ
svayam eva ati-khinnam tu punaḥ tasmāt palāyate

38. yat idam vitatam duḥkham manaḥ svayam tat tanoti.
tu ati-khinnam manaḥ svayam eva punaḥ tasmāt palāyate.

38. Whatever extensive suffering (duḥkha) exists, the mind itself creates it. Then, being exceedingly distressed, the mind itself again flees from that (suffering).

Words meanings summery:

• यत् (yat) - whatever (in a relative clause) (which, what, that)

• इदम् (idam) - this, here

• विततम् (vitatam) - spread out, extensive, widespread

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - suffering, sorrow, pain, misery

• तत् (tat) - referring back to 'duḥkham' (that, that one)

• तनोति (tanoti) - creates, generates (he/she/it stretches, expands, creates, performs)

• स्वयम् (svayam) - oneself, by oneself, spontaneously

• मनः (manaḥ) - mind, intellect

• स्वयम् (svayam) - oneself, by oneself, spontaneously

• एव (eva) - emphatic particle (indeed, only, even, certainly)

• अति-खिन्नम् (ati-khinnam) - exceedingly distressed, very tired

• तु (tu) - expresses contrast or transition (but, on the other hand, indeed)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, anew, furthermore

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - from that (suffering) (from that, therefore)

• पलायते (palāyate) - he/she/it flees

Words meanings and morphology

यत् (yat) - whatever (in a relative clause) (which, what, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

Note: Relative pronoun, agreeing with 'duḥkham'

इदम् (idam) - this, here

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, here, present

Note: Demonstrative pronoun, agreeing with 'duḥkham'

विततम् (vitatam) - spread out, extensive, widespread

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vitata

vitata - spread out, extended, vast, widespread

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'tan' (to stretch, to extend) with prefix 'vi-'

Prefix: vi

Root: tan (class 8)

Note: Agrees with 'duḥkham'

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - suffering, sorrow, pain, misery

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - suffering, sorrow, pain, misery

Note: Subject of the relative clause, object of 'tanoti'

तत् (tat) - referring back to 'duḥkham' (that, that one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, that one, it

Note: Correlative pronoun, object of 'tanoti'

तनोति (tanoti) - creates, generates (he/she/it stretches, expands, creates, performs)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of tan

Present Active

From root 'tan' (class 8)

Root: tan (class 8)

Note: Verb for 'manaḥ'

स्वयम् (svayam) - oneself, by oneself, spontaneously

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies 'tanoti'

मनः (manaḥ) - mind, intellect

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, understanding, thought

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'tanoti' and 'palāyate'

स्वयम् (svayam) - oneself, by oneself, spontaneously

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies 'palāyate'

एव (eva) - emphatic particle (indeed, only, even, certainly)

(indeclinable)

अति-खिन्नम् (ati-khinnam) - exceedingly distressed, very tired

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ati-khinna

ati-khinna - exceedingly distressed, very tired, very weary

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'khid' (to be distressed) with prefix 'ati-'

Prefix: ati

Root: khid (class 7)

Note: Agrees with 'manaḥ'

तु (tu) - expresses contrast or transition (but, on the other hand, indeed)

(indeclinable)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, anew, furthermore

(indeclinable)

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - from that (suffering) (from that, therefore)

(pronoun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, that one, it

Note: Refers to 'duḥkham'

पलायते (palāyate) - he/she/it flees

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of palāy

Present Middle

From root 'ay' (to go) with prefix 'palā-'

Prefix: palā

Root: ay (class 1)

Note: Verb for 'manaḥ'