योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-99, verse-23

अर्धप्राप्तविवेकस्य न प्राप्तस्यामलं पदम् ।
चेतसस्त्यजतो भोगान्परितापो भृशं भवेत् ॥ २३ ॥

ardhaprāptavivekasya na prāptasyāmalaṃ padam ,
cetasastyajato bhogānparitāpo bhṛśaṃ bhavet 23

23. ardhaprāptavivekasya na prāptasya amalam padam
cetasaḥ tyajataḥ bhogān paritāpaḥ bhṛśam bhavet

23. ardhaprāptavivekasya na prāptasya amalam padam
cetasaḥ bhogān tyajataḥ bhṛśam paritāpaḥ bhavet

23. For the mind (cetas) that has only half-attained discrimination (viveka), and has not yet reached the pure state, abandoning enjoyments causes great anguish.

Words meanings summery:

• अर्धप्राप्तविवेकस्य (ardhaprāptavivekasya) - of one who has half-attained discrimination (viveka)

• न (na) - not, no

• प्राप्तस्य (prāptasya) - of one who has attained, of the attained

• अमलम् (amalam) - pure, spotless, stainless

• पदम् (padam) - pure state (state, abode, position)

• चेतसह् (cetasah) - of the mind

• त्यजतः (tyajataḥ) - of abandoning, of one who abandons

• भोगान् (bhogān) - enjoyments, pleasures

• परितापः (paritāpaḥ) - anguish, suffering, torment

• भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, intensely, very much

• भवेत् (bhavet) - would be, may be, should be, occurs

Words meanings and morphology

अर्धप्राप्तविवेकस्य (ardhaprāptavivekasya) - of one who has half-attained discrimination (viveka)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ardhaprāptaviveka

ardhaprāptaviveka - one who has half-attained discrimination

Compound: 'ardha' (half) + 'prāpta' (attained) + 'viveka' (discrimination). Describes the state of having partially attained viveka.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ardha+prāpta+viveka)

• ardha – half
  adjective (masculine)
• prāpta – attained, reached, obtained
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From pra-āp (to obtain, reach)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: āp (class 5)
• viveka – discrimination, discernment
  noun (masculine)
  From vi-vic (to separate, discern)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: vic (class 7)

Note: Qualifies 'cetasah'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates 'prāptasya'.

प्राप्तस्य (prāptasya) - of one who has attained, of the attained

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of prāpta

prāpta - attained, reached, obtained

Past Passive Participle

From pra-āp (to obtain, reach)

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Qualifies 'cetasah'.

अमलम् (amalam) - pure, spotless, stainless

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of amala

amala - spotless, pure, stainless

Nañ-tatpuruṣa compound: 'a' (not) + 'mala' (impurity).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+mala)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• mala – dirt, impurity, stain
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'padam'.

पदम् (padam) - pure state (state, abode, position)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pada

pada - step, foot, place, state, abode

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Object of 'prāptasya' (implied 'to attain').

चेतसह् (cetasah) - of the mind

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of cetas

cetas - mind, intellect, consciousness

From root cit (to perceive, know)

Root: cit (class 1)

Note: Possessive, governing 'ardhaprāptavivekasya' and 'prāptasya'.

त्यजतः (tyajataḥ) - of abandoning, of one who abandons

(adjective)

Genitive, neuter, singular of tyajat

tyajat - abandoning, forsaking, leaving

Present Active Participle

From root tyaj (to abandon, forsake)

Root: tyaj (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'cetasah'.

भोगान् (bhogān) - enjoyments, pleasures

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bhoga

bhoga - enjoyment, pleasure, experience

From root bhuj (to enjoy)

Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: Object of 'tyajataḥ'.

परितापः (paritāpaḥ) - anguish, suffering, torment

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paritāpa

paritāpa - heat, distress, anguish, suffering

From pari-tap (to heat, torment)

Prefix: pari

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'bhavet'.

भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, intensely, very much

(indeclinable)

Here used adverbially modifying 'bhavet'.

Note: Modifies 'bhavet'.

भवेत् (bhavet) - would be, may be, should be, occurs

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of bhū

Optative active 3rd person singular

Root: bhū (class 1)