योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-78, verse-38

राक्षस्युवाच ।
राजंस्त्वमसि दुर्मन्त्री दुर्मन्त्री न नृपो भवेत् ।
सद्रूपस्य भवेन्मन्त्री राजा सन्मन्त्रिणो भवेत् ॥ ३८ ॥

rākṣasyuvāca ,
rājaṃstvamasi durmantrī durmantrī na nṛpo bhavet ,
sadrūpasya bhavenmantrī rājā sanmantriṇo bhavet 38

38. rākṣasī uvāca rājan tvam asi durmantrī durmantrī na nṛpaḥ
bhavet sadrūpasya bhavet mantrī rājā sanmantriṇaḥ bhavet

38. rākṣasī uvāca rājan tvam durmantrī asi durmantrī nṛpaḥ na
bhavet mantrī sadrūpasya bhavet rājā sanmantriṇaḥ bhavet

38. The ogress (rākṣasī) said: 'O King, you act like a bad minister. A bad minister should not be a king. A minister should serve a good (sadrūpa) king, and a king should have good ministers (sanmantriṇaḥ).'

Words meanings summery:

• राक्षसी (rākṣasī) - ogress, female demon

• उवाच (uvāca) - she said, he said

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (singular nominative)

• असि (asi) - you are

• दुर्मन्त्री (durmantrī) - bad minister, one with bad counsel, ill-advised

• दुर्मन्त्री (durmantrī) - a bad minister

• न (na) - not, no

• नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - king

• भवेत् (bhavet) - should be, may be, would be

• सद्रूपस्य (sadrūpasya) - of a good (sadrūpa) king (of a good-natured one, of one with good form)

• भवेत् (bhavet) - should be, may be

• मन्त्री (mantrī) - minister

• राजा (rājā) - king

• सन्मन्त्रिणः (sanmantriṇaḥ) - having good ministers (of good ministers, having good ministers)

• भवेत् (bhavet) - should be, may be

Words meanings and morphology

राक्षसी (rākṣasī) - ogress, female demon

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of rākṣasī

rākṣasī - ogress, female demon, female of a rākṣasa

Feminine form of rākṣasa

उवाच (uvāca) - she said, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign

त्वम् (tvam) - you (singular nominative)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

दुर्मन्त्री (durmantrī) - bad minister, one with bad counsel, ill-advised

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durmantrin

durmantrin - bad minister, one who gives bad counsel, ill-advised

dur (bad) + mantrin (minister)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dur+mantrin)

• dur – bad, difficult, ill
  indeclinable
• mantrin – counselor, minister, advisor
  noun (masculine)
  From mantra (counsel, advice) + in (possessive suffix)

Note: Used here as a predicate nominative with 'tvam asi'.

दुर्मन्त्री (durmantrī) - a bad minister

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durmantrin

durmantrin - bad minister, one who gives bad counsel, ill-advised

dur (bad) + mantrin (minister)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dur+mantrin)

• dur – bad, difficult, ill
  indeclinable
• mantrin – counselor, minister, advisor
  noun (masculine)
  From mantra (counsel, advice) + in (possessive suffix)

Note: Subject of 'bhavet'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler (lit. 'protector of men')

nṛ (man) + pa (protector, from pā 'to protect')

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man, human
  noun (masculine)
• pa – protector, preserver
  noun (masculine)
  From root pā (to protect)
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Predicate noun of 'bhavet'.

भवेत् (bhavet) - should be, may be, would be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

सद्रूपस्य (sadrūpasya) - of a good (sadrūpa) king (of a good-natured one, of one with good form)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sadrūpa

sadrūpa - having good form, good-natured, beautiful

sat (good) + rūpa (form, nature)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sat+rūpa)

• sat – good, existing, true
  adjective
  Present Active Participle
  From root as (to be)
  Root: as (class 2)
• rūpa – form, appearance, nature
  noun (neuter)

Note: Here meaning 'of one who is good-natured', referring to a king.

भवेत् (bhavet) - should be, may be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

मन्त्री (mantrī) - minister

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mantrin

mantrin - counselor, minister, advisor

From mantra (counsel, advice) + in (possessive suffix)

Note: Subject of 'bhavet'.

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign

Note: Subject of 'bhavet'.

सन्मन्त्रिणः (sanmantriṇaḥ) - having good ministers (of good ministers, having good ministers)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sanmantrin

sanmantrin - a good minister, having good ministers

sat (good) + mantrin (minister)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sat+mantrin)

• sat – good, existing, true
  adjective
  Present Active Participle
  From root as (to be)
  Root: as (class 2)
• mantrin – counselor, minister, advisor
  noun (masculine)
  From mantra (counsel, advice) + in (possessive suffix)

Note: Used as a predicate adjective, 'should be possessed of good ministers'.

भवेत् (bhavet) - should be, may be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)