योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-78, verse-33

तदेतौ परिपृच्छामि किंचित्संदेहमुत्थितम् ।
प्राज्ञं प्राप्य न पृच्छन्ति ये केचित्ते नराधमाः ॥ ३३ ॥

tadetau paripṛcchāmi kiṃcitsaṃdehamutthitam ,
prājñaṃ prāpya na pṛcchanti ye kecitte narādhamāḥ 33

33. tat etau paripṛcchāmi kiñcit saṃdeham utthitam
prājñam prāpya na pṛcchanti ye ke cit te narādhamāḥ

33. tat (aham) etau utthitam kiñcit saṃdeham paripṛcchāmi ye ke cit prājñam prāpya na pṛcchanti,
te narādhamāḥ (bhavanti).

33. Therefore, I shall question these two about a certain doubt that has arisen in my mind. Those who, having approached a wise person, do not ask (questions), are indeed the lowest of humankind.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - therefore, so, that

• एतौ (etau) - these two

• परिपृच्छामि (paripṛcchāmi) - I ask, I question, I inquire thoroughly

• किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - something, a little, some

• संदेहम् (saṁdeham) - doubt, uncertainty, suspicion

• उत्थितम् (utthitam) - arisen, appeared, manifested

• प्राज्ञम् (prājñam) - a wise person, an expert, intelligent

• प्राप्य (prāpya) - having reached, having obtained, having approached

• न (na) - not, no

• पृच्छन्ति (pṛcchanti) - they ask, they question

• ये (ye) - who, those who

• के (ke) - any, some

• चित् (cit) - indeed, even, some, any

• ते (te) - they, those

• नराधमाः (narādhamāḥ) - the lowest of men, ignoble persons

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - therefore, so, that

(indeclinable)

एतौ (etau) - these two

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of idam

idam - this, these

Note: Refers to the two children.

परिपृच्छामि (paripṛcchāmi) - I ask, I question, I inquire thoroughly

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of paripṛcch

Prefix: pari

Root: prach (class 6)

किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - something, a little, some

(indeclinable)

Indeclinable form of kaścid.

Note: Modifies saṃdeham.

संदेहम् (saṁdeham) - doubt, uncertainty, suspicion

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃdeha

saṁdeha - doubt, uncertainty, suspicion, apprehension

Derived from root √dih (to smear, perceive) with prefix sam-.

Prefix: sam

Root: dih (class 4)

Note: Object of paripṛcchāmi.

उत्थितम् (utthitam) - arisen, appeared, manifested

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of utthita

utthita - arisen, appeared, standing up, produced

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √sthā (to stand) with prefixes ut-.

Prefix: ut

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with saṃdeham.

प्राज्ञम् (prājñam) - a wise person, an expert, intelligent

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prājña

prājña - wise, intelligent, knowing, an expert, a wise person

Derived from root √jñā (to know) with prefix pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Object of prāpya.

प्राप्य (prāpya) - having reached, having obtained, having approached

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root √āp (to obtain, reach) with prefix pra- and suffix -ya.

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Connects the action of reaching to the main verb.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates pṛcchanti.

पृच्छन्ति (pṛcchanti) - they ask, they question

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of prach

Root: prach (class 6)

Note: Agrees with ye (plural).

ये (ye) - who, those who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Subject of the clause ye ... pṛcchanti.

के (ke) - any, some

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ka

ka - who, which, what, any, some

Note: Part of ye ke cit.

चित् (cit) - indeed, even, some, any

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic or indefinite particle.

ते (te) - they, those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers back to ye.

नराधमाः (narādhamāḥ) - the lowest of men, ignoble persons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of narādhama

narādhama - lowest of men, ignoble person, vile man

Compound: nara (man) + adhama (lowest).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (nara+adhama)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• adhama – lowest, mean, vile, base
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Predicate noun for te.

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