योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-2, chapter-1, verse-31

श्रीशुक उवाच ।
स्वयमेव मया पूर्वमेतज्ज्ञातं विवेकतः ।
एतदेव च पृष्टेन पित्रा मे समुदाहृतम् ॥ ३१ ॥

śrīśuka uvāca ,
svayameva mayā pūrvametajjñātaṃ vivekataḥ ,
etadeva ca pṛṣṭena pitrā me samudāhṛtam 31

31. śrī śuka uvāca svayam eva mayā pūrvam etat jñātam
vivekataḥ etat eva ca pṛṣṭena pitrā me samudāhṛtam

31. śrī śuka uvāca svayam eva mayā pūrvam etat vivekataḥ
jñātam ca etat eva pṛṣṭena pitrā me samudāhṛtam

31. Śrī Śuka said: "I myself had previously understood this through discernment. And this very thing was explained to me by my father when he was questioned."

Words meanings summery:

• श्री (śrī) - an honorific prefix, indicating reverence or auspiciousness (auspicious, glorious, divine, venerable)

• शुक (śuka) - The sage Śuka, son of Vyāsa (Śuka (a proper name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• स्वयम् (svayam) - I myself (oneself, personally, by oneself)

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, very, just

• मया (mayā) - by me

• पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - previously, formerly, before

• एतत् (etat) - this (meaning/knowledge) (this)

• ज्ञातम् (jñātam) - known, understood

• विवेकतः (vivekataḥ) - from discernment, through discrimination, by means of knowledge

• एतत् (etat) - this (meaning/knowledge) (this)

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, very, just

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• पृष्टेन (pṛṣṭena) - by (my father) when questioned (by me) (by the questioned one)

• पित्रा (pitrā) - by my father (Vyāsa) (by the father)

• मे (me) - my (father) (my, of me)

• समुदाहृतम् (samudāhṛtam) - explained to me (explained, declared, narrated)

Words meanings and morphology

श्री (śrī) - an honorific prefix, indicating reverence or auspiciousness (auspicious, glorious, divine, venerable)

(indeclinable)

शुक (śuka) - The sage Śuka, son of Vyāsa (Śuka (a proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śuka

śuka - a parrot; the name of a sage, son of Vyāsa

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

From root √vac, 3rd person singular, Parasmaipada, perfect tense. Irregular formation.

Root: vac (class 2)

स्वयम् (svayam) - I myself (oneself, personally, by oneself)

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions adverbially.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, very, just

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes `svayam`.

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of aham

aham - I, ego

Note: Used with passive participle `jñātam`.

पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - previously, formerly, before

(indeclinable)

Note: Also can be nominative/accusative neuter singular of the adjective `pūrva`.

एतत् (etat) - this (meaning/knowledge) (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this (proximal demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Sandhi etaj jñātam -> etat jñātam.

ज्ञातम् (jñātam) - known, understood

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jñāta

jñāta - known, understood, perceived

Past Passive Participle

From √jñā (to know), in neuter nominative singular.

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Predicate nominative for `etat`.

विवेकतः (vivekataḥ) - from discernment, through discrimination, by means of knowledge

(indeclinable)

Formed from 'viveka' (discrimination) with the suffix -tas.

एतत् (etat) - this (meaning/knowledge) (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this (proximal demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Sandhi etad eva -> etad eva.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, very, just

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes `etat`.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

पृष्टेन (pṛṣṭena) - by (my father) when questioned (by me) (by the questioned one)

(participle)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pṛṣṭa

pṛṣṭa - asked, questioned, interrogated

Past Passive Participle

From √prach (to ask), in masculine instrumental singular. Used adjectivally to describe the father.

Root: prach (class 6)

Note: Modifies `pitrā`.

पित्रा (pitrā) - by my father (Vyāsa) (by the father)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

Note: Used with a participle in passive construction.

मे (me) - my (father) (my, of me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of aham

aham - I, ego

Note: Possessive, 'my'.

समुदाहृतम् (samudāhṛtam) - explained to me (explained, declared, narrated)

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of samudāhṛta

samudāhṛta - explained, declared, stated, mentioned

Past Passive Participle

From sam-ud-ā-√hṛ (to bring together, to explain), in neuter nominative singular.

Prefixes: sam+ud+ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Predicate nominative for `etat`.