वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-27, verse-41

तस्य नैवास्थि कायो वा न मांसं ददृशे तदा ।
गदया भस्मसाद्भूतो रणे तस्मिन्निपातितः ॥४१॥

41. tasya naivāsthi kāyo vā na māṃsaṃ dadṛśe tadā ,
gadayā bhasmasādbhūto raṇe tasminnipātitaḥ.

41. tasya na eva asthi kāyaḥ vā na māṃsaṃ dadṛśe tadā
gadayā bhasmasāt-bhūtaḥ raṇe tasmin nipātitaḥ

41. tadā tasya asthi vā kāyaḥ vā māṃsaṃ na eva dadṛśe.
raṇe tasmin gadayā nipātitaḥ bhasmasāt-bhūtaḥ

41. Then, neither his bones nor his body nor his flesh was seen. Struck down in that battle by the mace, he had been reduced to ashes.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - Referring to Sumali. (his, of him)

• न (na) - not, no

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

• अस्थि (asthi) - bone

• कायः (kāyaḥ) - body

• वा (vā) - or

• न (na) - nor, not

• मांसं (māṁsaṁ) - flesh, meat

• ददृशे (dadṛśe) - was seen

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• गदया (gadayā) - by the mace

• भस्मसात्-भूतः (bhasmasāt-bhūtaḥ) - turned into ashes, reduced to ashes

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, on the battlefield

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - In that specific battle. (in that)

• निपातितः (nipātitaḥ) - struck down, caused to fall

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - Referring to Sumali. (his, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, him, it

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

(indeclinable)

अस्थि (asthi) - bone

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of asthi

asthi - bone

कायः (kāyaḥ) - body

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāya

kāya - body, person, collection

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

न (na) - nor, not

(indeclinable)

मांसं (māṁsaṁ) - flesh, meat

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of māṃsa

māṁsa - flesh, meat

ददृशे (dadṛśe) - was seen

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, perfect (liṭ) of dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Perfect, ātmanepada, used passively.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

गदया (gadayā) - by the mace

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of gadā

gadā - mace, club

भस्मसात्-भूतः (bhasmasāt-bhūtaḥ) - turned into ashes, reduced to ashes

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhasmasāt-bhūta

bhasmasāt-bhūta - become ashes, reduced to ashes

Past Passive Participle

Formed from the indeclinable suffix -sāt (indicating transformation) with bhasman (ashes) and the PPP of bhū (to become).

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, on the battlefield

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - In that specific battle. (in that)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Agrees with raṇe.

निपातितः (nipātitaḥ) - struck down, caused to fall

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nipātita

nipātita - struck down, thrown down, caused to fall

Past Passive Participle

PPP of the causative of ni-pat (to fall).

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Refers to Sumali, the implied subject.

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