वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-27, verse-36

सुमत्तयोस्तयोरासीद् युद्धं लोके सुदारुणम् ।
सुमालिनो वसोश्चैव समरेष्वनिवर्तिनोः ॥३६॥

36. sumattayostayorāsīd yuddhaṃ loke sudāruṇam ,
sumālino vasoścaiva samareṣvanivartinoḥ.

36. sumattayoḥ tayoḥ āsīt yuddham loke sudāruṇam
sumālinaḥ vasoḥ ca eva samareṣu anivartinoḥ

36. tayoḥ sumattayoḥ samareṣu anivartinoḥ sumālinaḥ
vasoḥ ca eva loke sudāruṇam yuddham āsīt

36. Between those two, Sumāli and the Vasu (Sāvitra), both greatly enraged and never retreating in battles, there ensued a very terrible fight in the world.

Words meanings summery:

• सुमत्तयोः (sumattayoḥ) - of the greatly enraged ones (of the extremely enraged ones, of the greatly intoxicated ones)

• तयोः (tayoḥ) - of those two (Sumāli and Sāvitra) (of those two, between those two)

• आसीत् (āsīt) - there ensued (was, existed, there was)

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - a fight (battle, fight, war)

• लोके (loke) - in the world (in the world, in public)

• सुदारुणम् (sudāruṇam) - a very terrible (very terrible, very dreadful)

• सुमालिनः (sumālinaḥ) - of Sumāli

• वसोः (vasoḥ) - of the Vasu (Sāvitra) (of the Vasu)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, just)

• समरेषु (samareṣu) - in battles (in battles, in conflicts)

• अनिवर्तिनोः (anivartinoḥ) - of the unretreating ones (of the unretreating ones, of those who do not turn back)

Words meanings and morphology

सुमत्तयोः (sumattayoḥ) - of the greatly enraged ones (of the extremely enraged ones, of the greatly intoxicated ones)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, dual of sumatta

sumatta - greatly enraged, highly intoxicated, arrogant

past passive participle (from √mad with su- prefix)

Compound: su (very, greatly) + matta (enraged, intoxicated - past passive participle of √mad)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+matta)

• su – good, well, very, greatly
  indeclinable
• matta – enraged, intoxicated, maddened
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  From root √mad (to be exhilarated, to be mad)
  Root: mad (class 4)

Note: Modifies "tayoḥ" and refers to Sumāli and Sāvitra

तयोः (tayoḥ) - of those two (Sumāli and Sāvitra) (of those two, between those two)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the two combatants

आसीत् (āsīt) - there ensued (was, existed, there was)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

imperfect 3rd singular active

From root √as (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

युद्धम् (yuddham) - a fight (battle, fight, war)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

past passive participle used as noun

From root √yudh (to fight)

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Subject of "āsīt"

लोके (loke) - in the world (in the world, in public)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, people, universe

Root: lok (class 1)

सुदारुणम् (sudāruṇam) - a very terrible (very terrible, very dreadful)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sudāruṇa

sudāruṇa - very terrible, very dreadful, fierce

Compound: su (very) + dāruṇa (terrible)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+dāruṇa)

• su – good, well, very, greatly
  indeclinable
• dāruṇa – terrible, dreadful, harsh, fierce
  adjective (neuter)

Note: Modifies "yuddham"

सुमालिनः (sumālinaḥ) - of Sumāli

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sumālin

sumālin - Sumāli (proper name of a Rākṣasa)

Note: Possessive, indicating one of the parties in the fight

वसोः (vasoḥ) - of the Vasu (Sāvitra) (of the Vasu)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vasu

vasu - a deity, a kind of attendant upon Indra; a class of eight deities

Note: Possessive, indicating the other party in the fight (Sāvitra)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction

एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle

समरेषु (samareṣu) - in battles (in battles, in conflicts)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of samara

samara - battle, war, conflict

From root √mṛ (to die) with prefix sam-

Prefix: sam

Root: mṛ (class 1)

अनिवर्तिनोः (anivartinoḥ) - of the unretreating ones (of the unretreating ones, of those who do not turn back)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, dual of anivartin

anivartin - not turning back, unretreating, steadfast

Compound: a (negation) + nivartin (one who turns back). nivartin from prefix ni- + root √vṛt (to turn).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+nivartin)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• nivartin – one who turns back, retreating
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun derived from verb
  From root √vṛt (to turn) with prefix ni- and suffix -in
  Prefix: ni
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Modifies "tayoḥ" and refers to Sumāli and Sāvitra