वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-44, verse-5

यत्तैश्च खलु भाव्यं स्यात्तमासाद्य वनालयम् ।
कर्म चापि समाधेयं देशकालविरोधितम् ॥५॥

5. yattaiśca khalu bhāvyaṃ syāttamāsādya vanālayam ,
karma cāpi samādheyaṃ deśakālavirodhitam.

5. yat taiḥ ca khalu bhāvyam syāt tam āsādya vanālayam
karma ca api samādheyam deśakālavirodhitam

5. And indeed, having approached that forest dweller, they must undertake an action (karma) that is appropriate for the place and time.

Words meanings summery:

• यत् (yat) - that (introducing a clause) (which, what, that)

• तैः (taiḥ) - by them

• च (ca) - and, also

• खलु (khalu) - indeed, certainly, surely

• भाव्यम् (bhāvyam) - must be undertaken (must be, should be, ought to be)

• स्यात् (syāt) - it should be (may be, let it be, it would be)

• तम् (tam) - that (forest dweller) (him, that)

• आसाद्य (āsādya) - having approached (having reached, having obtained, having approached)

• वनालयम् (vanālayam) - that forest dweller (forest dweller, hermitage)

• कर्म (karma) - an action (karma) (action, deed, ritual)

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• समाधेयम् (samādheyam) - should be performed/undertaken (to be settled, to be performed, to be concentrated)

• देशकालविरोधितम् (deśakālavirodhitam) - appropriate for the specific place and time (not opposing place and time, suitable to place and time)

Words meanings and morphology

यत् (yat) - that (introducing a clause) (which, what, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yat

yat - which, what, that

तैः (taiḥ) - by them

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

खलु (khalu) - indeed, certainly, surely

(indeclinable)

भाव्यम् (bhāvyam) - must be undertaken (must be, should be, ought to be)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhāvya

bhāvya - to be, future, what is to be, suitable

Gerundive

From root bhū (to be) + ṇyat suffix

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Gerundive used impersonally, meaning 'it should be'

स्यात् (syāt) - it should be (may be, let it be, it would be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of as

Third person singular optative active of as

Root: as (class 2)

तम् (tam) - that (forest dweller) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, him, it

आसाद्य (āsādya) - having approached (having reached, having obtained, having approached)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

From root sad (to sit) with upasarga ā + lyap suffix

Prefix: ā

Root: sad (class 1)

वनालयम् (vanālayam) - that forest dweller (forest dweller, hermitage)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vanālaya

vanālaya - forest dweller, hermitage (lit. forest + dwelling)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vana+ālaya)

• vana – forest, wood
  noun (neuter)
• ālaya – dwelling, abode, house
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: lī (class 4)

कर्म (karma) - an action (karma) (action, deed, ritual)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of karma

karma - action, deed, ritual, fate, effect

From root kṛ (to do) + man suffix

Root: kṛ (class 8)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

समाधेयम् (samādheyam) - should be performed/undertaken (to be settled, to be performed, to be concentrated)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of samādheya

samādheya - to be placed, to be settled, to be performed

Gerundive

From root dhā (to place) with upasargas sam + ā + ya suffix

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Gerundive

देशकालविरोधितम् (deśakālavirodhitam) - appropriate for the specific place and time (not opposing place and time, suitable to place and time)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of deśakālavirodhita

deśakālavirodhita - not opposing place and time, suitable to place and time

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (deśa+kāla+virodhita)

• deśa – place, region, country
  noun (masculine)
  Root: diś (class 6)
• kāla – time, season
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kal (class 10)
• virodhita – opposed, hindered, prevented
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root rudh (to obstruct) with upasarga vi + kta suffix
  Prefix: vi
  Root: rudh (class 7)

Note: Compound meaning "that which is not against (virodhita) time (kāla) and place (deśa)"