वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-44, verse-25

स दूरं सहसोत्पत्य दुर्धरस्य रथे हरिः ।
निपपात महावेगो विद्युद्राशिर्गिराविव ॥२५॥

25. sa dūraṃ sahasotpatya durdharasya rathe hariḥ ,
nipapāta mahāvego vidyudrāśirgirāviva.

25. sa dūram sahasā utpatya durdharasya rathe
hariḥ nipapāta mahāvegaḥ vidyut-rāśiḥ girau iva

25. hariḥ sa mahāvegaḥ sahasā dūram utpatya
durdharasya rathe nipapāta vidyut-rāśiḥ girau iva

25. Hanumān, with immense speed, suddenly leaped a great distance and fell upon Durdhara's chariot, just like a bolt of lightning strikes a mountain.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - He (referring to Hanumān) (he, that)

• दूरम् (dūram) - a great distance (far, a long distance)

• सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly (suddenly, violently, forcefully)

• उत्पत्य (utpatya) - having leaped up (having sprung up, having leaped, having flown up)

• दुर्धरस्य (durdharasya) - of Durdhara (a specific warrior) (of Durdhara (proper name), of the hard-to-hold)

• रथे (rathe) - on the chariot (on the chariot, in the chariot)

• हरिः (hariḥ) - Hanumān (lion, monkey, Viṣṇu, Indra, horse, sun)

• निपपात (nipapāta) - fell upon (fell down, descended)

• महावेगः (mahāvegaḥ) - with immense speed (having great speed, immensely swift)

• विद्युत्-राशिः (vidyut-rāśiḥ) - a bolt of lightning (a mass of lightning, a thunderbolt, a flash of lightning)

• गिरौ (girau) - on a mountain (on a mountain, in a mountain)

• इव (iva) - just like (like, as, as if)

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - He (referring to Hanumān) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

दूरम् (dūram) - a great distance (far, a long distance)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially.

सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly (suddenly, violently, forcefully)

(indeclinable)

Note: Originally instrumental of 'sahas' (force, power), but commonly used adverbially.

उत्पत्य (utpatya) - having leaped up (having sprung up, having leaped, having flown up)

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

Derived from verb root pat (to fall, fly) with upasarga ut- (up) and suffix -ya (absolutive)

Prefix: ut

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Forms an action that precedes the main verb.

दुर्धरस्य (durdharasya) - of Durdhara (a specific warrior) (of Durdhara (proper name), of the hard-to-hold)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of durdhara

durdhara - hard to bear, difficult to hold, proper name

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dur+dhara)

• dur – difficult, bad
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating difficulty or badness
• dhara – bearing, holding, sustaining
  noun (masculine)
  From root dhṛ (to hold)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

रथे (rathe) - on the chariot (on the chariot, in the chariot)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

हरिः (hariḥ) - Hanumān (lion, monkey, Viṣṇu, Indra, horse, sun)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hari

hari - lion, monkey, Viṣṇu, Indra, horse, sun

Note: Often refers to Hanumān in epic contexts.

निपपात (nipapāta) - fell upon (fell down, descended)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of nipat

perfect tense

Perfect tense 3rd person singular, from root pat (to fall, fly) with upasarga ni- (down)

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

महावेगः (mahāvegaḥ) - with immense speed (having great speed, immensely swift)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāvega

mahāvega - great speed, immense velocity; one who has great speed

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+vega)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• vega – speed, velocity, impulse
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vij (class 7)

Note: Describes Hariḥ (Hanumān).

विद्युत्-राशिः (vidyut-rāśiḥ) - a bolt of lightning (a mass of lightning, a thunderbolt, a flash of lightning)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidyut-rāśi

vidyut-rāśi - mass of lightning, thunderbolt

Compound type : tatpurusha (vidyut+rāśi)

• vidyut – lightning, electricity
  noun (feminine)
• rāśi – heap, pile, mass, collection
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used in a simile.

गिरौ (girau) - on a mountain (on a mountain, in a mountain)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of giri

giri - mountain, hill

इव (iva) - just like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used to introduce a simile.