वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-44, verse-16

रथैश्च मत्तैर्नागैश्च वाजिभिश्च महाजवैः ।
शस्त्रैश्च विविधैस्तीक्ष्णैः सर्वैश्चोपचिता बलैः ॥१६॥

16. rathaiśca mattairnāgaiśca vājibhiśca mahājavaiḥ ,
śastraiśca vividhaistīkṣṇaiḥ sarvaiścopacitā balaiḥ.

16. rathaiḥ ca mattaiḥ nāgaiḥ ca vājibhiḥ ca mahājavaiḥ
śastraiḥ ca vividhaiḥ tīkṣṇaiḥ sarvaiḥ ca upacitāḥ balaiḥ

16. rathaiḥ ca mattaiḥ nāgaiḥ ca mahājavaiḥ vājibhiḥ ca
vividhaiḥ tīkṣṇaiḥ śastraiḥ ca sarvaiḥ balaiḥ ca upacitāḥ

16. They were equipped with chariots, with spirited elephants, with swift horses, and with various sharp weapons, and were augmented by all their forces.

Words meanings summery:

• रथैः (rathaiḥ) - by chariots

• च (ca) - and

• मत्तैः (mattaiḥ) - by intoxicated, by spirited, by maddened

• नागैः (nāgaiḥ) - by elephants

• च (ca) - and

• वाजिभिः (vājibhiḥ) - by horses

• च (ca) - and

• महाजवैः (mahājavaiḥ) - by very swift (ones), by those of great speed

• शस्त्रैः (śastraiḥ) - by weapons, by arms

• च (ca) - and

• विविधैः (vividhaiḥ) - by various, by diverse

• तीक्ष्णैः (tīkṣṇaiḥ) - by sharp, by keen, by fierce

• सर्वैः (sarvaiḥ) - by all, by entire

• च (ca) - and

• उपचिताः (upacitāḥ) - equipped, furnished, augmented, increased

• बलैः (balaiḥ) - by forces, by armies, by troops

Words meanings and morphology

रथैः (rathaiḥ) - by chariots

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

मत्तैः (mattaiḥ) - by intoxicated, by spirited, by maddened

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of matta

matta - intoxicated, maddened, spirited, delighted

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root mad (to be intoxicated)

Root: mad (class 4)

Note: Agrees with nāgaiḥ

नागैः (nāgaiḥ) - by elephants

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of nāga

nāga - serpent, elephant, a mountain

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

वाजिभिः (vājibhiḥ) - by horses

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vājin

vājin - horse, swift, strong

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

महाजवैः (mahājavaiḥ) - by very swift (ones), by those of great speed

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mahājava

mahājava - very swift, of great speed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+java)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• java – speed, swiftness, velocity
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with vājibhiḥ

शस्त्रैः (śastraiḥ) - by weapons, by arms

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of śastra

śastra - weapon, sword, instrument

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

विविधैः (vividhaiḥ) - by various, by diverse

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of vividha

vividha - various, diverse, manifold

Note: Agrees with śastraiḥ

तीक्ष्णैः (tīkṣṇaiḥ) - by sharp, by keen, by fierce

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of tīkṣṇa

tīkṣṇa - sharp, keen, pungent, fierce

Note: Agrees with śastraiḥ

सर्वैः (sarvaiḥ) - by all, by entire

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Agrees with balaiḥ

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

उपचिताः (upacitāḥ) - equipped, furnished, augmented, increased

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of upacita

upacita - accumulated, furnished, equipped, augmented

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of upa + ci (to gather, heap up)

Prefix: upa

Root: ci (class 5)

Note: Agrees with implied subject (e.g., 'they' from the previous verse)

बलैः (balaiḥ) - by forces, by armies, by troops

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of bala

bala - strength, power, force, army, troops