वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-44, verse-18

तोरणस्थं महावेगं महासत्त्वं महाबलम् ।
महामतिं महोत्साहं महाकायं महाबलम् ॥१८॥

18. toraṇasthaṃ mahāvegaṃ mahāsattvaṃ mahābalam ,
mahāmatiṃ mahotsāhaṃ mahākāyaṃ mahābalam.

18. toraṇastham mahāvegam mahāsattvam mahābalam
mahāmatim mahotsāham mahākāyam mahābalam

18. toraṇastham mahāvegam mahāsattvam mahābalam
mahāmatim mahotsāham mahākāyam mahābalam

18. He was standing at the archway, possessing immense speed, great courage (mahāsattva), immense strength, great intelligence, tremendous enthusiasm, a colossal body, and mighty power.

Words meanings summery:

• तोरणस्थम् (toraṇastham) - standing at the gate, situated on the archway

• महावेगम् (mahāvegam) - of great speed, very swift

• महासत्त्वम् (mahāsattvam) - of great courage, great spirit, great inner strength

• महाबलम् (mahābalam) - of great strength, very powerful

• महामतिम् (mahāmatim) - of great intelligence, highly intelligent

• महोत्साहम् (mahotsāham) - of great enthusiasm, highly energetic

• महाकायम् (mahākāyam) - of colossal body, having a large physique

• महाबलम् (mahābalam) - of mighty power, greatly powerful

Words meanings and morphology

तोरणस्थम् (toraṇastham) - standing at the gate, situated on the archway

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of toraṇastha

toraṇastha - standing at a gate/archway, situated on an archway

Compound of toraṇa (archway) and stha (standing)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (toraṇa+stha)

• toraṇa – archway, gateway, portal
  noun (neuter)
• stha – standing, staying, situated
  adjective
  Derived from root sthā (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

महावेगम् (mahāvegam) - of great speed, very swift

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahāvega

mahāvega - great speed, very swift

Bahuvrīhi compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+vega)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• vega – speed, velocity, impulse
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root vij (to move quickly)
  Root: vij (class 3)

महासत्त्वम् (mahāsattvam) - of great courage, great spirit, great inner strength

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahāsattva

mahāsattva - great courage, great spirit, great inner strength

Bahuvrīhi compound. Sattva derived from root as (to be)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+sattva)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• sattva – being, essence, spirit, courage, goodness
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root as (to be)
  Root: as (class 2)

महाबलम् (mahābalam) - of great strength, very powerful

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahābala

mahābala - great strength, very powerful

Bahuvrīhi compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root bal (to live, to be strong)
  Root: bal (class 1)

महामतिम् (mahāmatim) - of great intelligence, highly intelligent

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahāmati

mahāmati - great intelligence, highly intelligent

Bahuvrīhi compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+mati)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• mati – mind, intelligence, understanding, thought
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root man (to think)
  Root: man (class 4)

महोत्साहम् (mahotsāham) - of great enthusiasm, highly energetic

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahotsāha

mahotsāha - great enthusiasm, highly energetic

Bahuvrīhi compound. Sandhi: mahā + utsāha = mahotsāha

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+utsāha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• utsāha – enthusiasm, energy, perseverance
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root sah (to be able, to endure) with upasarga ud-
  Prefix: ud
  Root: sah (class 1)

महाकायम् (mahākāyam) - of colossal body, having a large physique

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahākāya

mahākāya - of colossal body, having a large physique

Bahuvrīhi compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+kāya)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• kāya – body, collection
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root ci (to collect, pile up)
  Root: ci (class 5)

महाबलम् (mahābalam) - of mighty power, greatly powerful

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahābala

mahābala - great strength, mighty power

Bahuvrīhi compound. Repetition for emphasis on strength/power.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root bal (to live, to be strong)
  Root: bal (class 1)