वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-44, verse-27

तं विरूपाक्षयूपाक्षौ दृष्ट्वा निपतितं भुवि ।
संजातरोषौ दुर्धर्षाव् उत्पेततुररिंदमौ ॥२७॥

27. taṃ virūpākṣayūpākṣau dṛṣṭvā nipatitaṃ bhuvi ,
saṃjātaroṣau durdharṣāv utpetaturariṃdamau.

27. tam virūpākṣa-yūpākṣau dṛṣṭvā nipatitam bhuvi
saṃjāta-roṣau durdharṣau utpetatuḥ arim-damau

27. virūpākṣa-yūpākṣau durdharṣau arim-damau tam
nipatitam bhuvi dṛṣṭvā saṃjāta-roṣau utpetatuḥ

27. Upon seeing him (Durdhara) fallen on the ground, Virupaksha and Yupaksha, the formidable subduers of foes, became filled with rage and sprang up.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him (Durdhara) (him, that)

• विरूपाक्ष-यूपाक्षौ (virūpākṣa-yūpākṣau) - Virupaksha and Yupaksha (names of two specific warriors) (Virupaksha and Yupaksha)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - Upon seeing (having seen)

• निपतितम् (nipatitam) - fallen (on the ground) (fallen, descended)

• भुवि (bhuvi) - on the ground (on the ground, on the earth)

• संजात-रोषौ (saṁjāta-roṣau) - filled with rage (having arisen anger, filled with rage)

• दुर्धर्षौ (durdharṣau) - formidable (unassailable, formidable, invincible)

• उत्पेततुः (utpetatuḥ) - sprang up (they two sprang up, they two flew up)

• अरिम्-दमौ (arim-damau) - subduers of foes (subduers of foes, vanquishers of enemies)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him (Durdhara) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Durdhara, implied from previous verse.

विरूपाक्ष-यूपाक्षौ (virūpākṣa-yūpākṣau) - Virupaksha and Yupaksha (names of two specific warriors) (Virupaksha and Yupaksha)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of virūpākṣa-yūpākṣa

virūpākṣa-yūpākṣa - Virupaksha and Yupaksha

Compound type : dvandva (virūpākṣa+yūpākṣa)

• virūpākṣa – Virupaksha (name, lit. having deformed eyes)
  proper noun (masculine)
• yūpākṣa – Yupaksha (name, lit. having eyes like a sacrificial post)
  proper noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of utpetatuḥ.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - Upon seeing (having seen)

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

Derived from verb root dṛś (to see) with suffix -tvā (absolutive)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Forms an action that precedes the main verb.

निपतितम् (nipatitam) - fallen (on the ground) (fallen, descended)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nipatita

nipatita - fallen down, descended

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle from root pat (to fall) with upasarga ni- (down)

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Describes tam (Durdhara).

भुवि (bhuvi) - on the ground (on the ground, on the earth)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land

संजात-रोषौ (saṁjāta-roṣau) - filled with rage (having arisen anger, filled with rage)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of saṃjāta-roṣa

saṁjāta-roṣa - having arisen anger, enraged

Compound type : bahuvrihi (saṃjāta+roṣa)

• saṃjāta – arisen, produced, born
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle from root jan (to be born) with upasarga sam- (together, completely)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: jan (class 4)
• roṣa – anger, wrath
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ruṣ (class 4)

Note: Describes Virupaksha and Yupaksha.

दुर्धर्षौ (durdharṣau) - formidable (unassailable, formidable, invincible)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of durdharṣa

durdharṣa - difficult to assault, invincible, formidable

gerundive/future passive participle

From root dhṛṣ (to dare, attack) with prefix dur- (difficult)

Prefix: dur

Root: dhṛṣ (class 5)

Note: Describes Virupaksha and Yupaksha.

उत्पेततुः (utpetatuḥ) - sprang up (they two sprang up, they two flew up)

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, perfect (lit) of utpat

perfect tense

Perfect tense 3rd person dual, from root pat (to fall, fly) with upasarga ut- (up)

Prefix: ut

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: The main verb of the sentence.

अरिम्-दमौ (arim-damau) - subduers of foes (subduers of foes, vanquishers of enemies)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of arim-dama

arim-dama - subduing enemies, vanquisher of foes

Compound type : upapada tatpurusha (ari+dama)

• ari – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• dama – subduing, taming, controlling
  noun (masculine)
  From root dam (to tame, subdue)
  Root: dam (class 1)

Note: Describes Virupaksha and Yupaksha.