वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-34, verse-42

अनिद्रः सततं रामः सुप्तो ऽपि च नरोत्तमः ।
सीतेति मधुरां वाणीं व्याहरन्प्रतिबुध्यते ॥४२॥

42. anidraḥ satataṃ rāmaḥ supto'pi ca narottamaḥ ,
sīteti madhurāṃ vāṇīṃ vyāharanpratibudhyate.

42. anidraḥ satatam rāmaḥ suptaḥ api ca narottamaḥ
sītā iti madhurām vāṇīm vyāharan pratibudhyate

42. Rama, the best among men, is constantly sleepless; even when he sleeps, he awakens uttering the sweet word "Sītā."

Words meanings summery:

• अनिद्रः (anidraḥ) - sleepless, without sleep, insomniac

• सततम् (satatam) - constantly, perpetually, always

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama, a celebrated hero, son of Daśaratha

• सुप्तः (suptaḥ) - asleep, sleeping

• अपि (api) - even when (even, also, too, although)

• च (ca) - and, also

• नरोत्तमः (narottamaḥ) - best among men, excellent man

• सीता (sītā) - Sītā (name of Rama's wife)

• इति (iti) - thus, so saying, (introduces quoted speech or thought)

• मधुराम् (madhurām) - sweet, pleasant, charming

• वाणीम् (vāṇīm) - voice, speech, word

• व्याहरन् (vyāharan) - uttering, speaking, pronouncing

• प्रतिबुध्यते (pratibudhyate) - he awakens, he becomes aware, he comes to his senses

Words meanings and morphology

अनिद्रः (anidraḥ) - sleepless, without sleep, insomniac

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anidra

anidra - sleepless, deprived of sleep

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+nidrā)

• a – not, non-, un- (negation prefix)
  indeclinable
• nidrā – sleep, slumber
  noun (feminine)
  Root: drā (class 1)

सततम् (satatam) - constantly, perpetually, always

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama, a celebrated hero, son of Daśaratha

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (name of the prince of Ayodhya, protagonist of the Rāmāyaṇa)

सुप्तः (suptaḥ) - asleep, sleeping

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of supta

supta - slept, asleep, dormant

Past Passive Participle

Root: svap (class 2)

अपि (api) - even when (even, also, too, although)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

नरोत्तमः (narottamaḥ) - best among men, excellent man

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of narottama

narottama - best of men, excellent man, pre-eminent among men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+uttama)

• nara – man, human being, male
  noun (masculine)
• uttama – best, highest, chief, excellent
  adjective (masculine)

सीता (sītā) - Sītā (name of Rama's wife)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sītā

sītā - Sītā (daughter of Janaka, wife of Rama)

इति (iti) - thus, so saying, (introduces quoted speech or thought)

(indeclinable)

मधुराम् (madhurām) - sweet, pleasant, charming

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of madhurā

madhura - sweet, pleasant, charming, melodious

वाणीम् (vāṇīm) - voice, speech, word

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vāṇī

vāṇī - voice, speech, word, language

व्याहरन् (vyāharan) - uttering, speaking, pronouncing

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyāharan

vyāhṛ - to utter, to speak, to pronounce

Present Active Participle

Present active participle of the verb vyāhṛ (vi-ā-hṛ).

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

प्रतिबुध्यते (pratibudhyate) - he awakens, he becomes aware, he comes to his senses

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of pratibudh

The verb budh (4th class) with the prefix prati, used in ātmanepada.

Prefix: prati

Root: budh (class 4)