वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-34, verse-12

कुशली यदि काकुत्स्थः किं नु सागरमेखलाम् ।
महीं दहति कोपेन युगान्ताग्निरिवोत्थितः ॥१२॥

12. kuśalī yadi kākutsthaḥ kiṃ nu sāgaramekhalām ,
mahīṃ dahati kopena yugāntāgnirivotthitaḥ.

12. kuśalī yadi kākutsthaḥ kim nu sāgaramekhalām
mahīm dahati kopena yugāntāgniḥ iva utthitaḥ

12. yadi kākutsthaḥ kuśalī kim nu utthitaḥ
yugāntāgniḥ iva kopena sāgaramekhalām mahīm dahati

12. If Rama, the descendant of Kakutstha, is well, why then does he, like the arisen fire at the end of an eon, burn with anger the earth, which is girdled by the oceans?

Words meanings summery:

• कुशली (kuśalī) - well, safe, healthy

• यदि (yadi) - if

• काकुत्स्थः (kākutsthaḥ) - Rama (descendant of Kakutstha)

• किम् (kim) - why (what, why)

• नु (nu) - then (then, indeed, now, interrogative particle)

• सागरमेखलाम् (sāgaramekhalām) - whose girdle is the ocean, ocean-girdled

• महीम् (mahīm) - the earth, ground

• दहति (dahati) - he burns, consumes, destroys

• कोपेन (kopena) - with anger, by anger

• युगान्ताग्निः (yugāntāgniḥ) - the fire at the end of an eon

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• उत्थितः (utthitaḥ) - arisen, flared up, standing up

Words meanings and morphology

कुशली (kuśalī) - well, safe, healthy

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kuśalin

kuśalin - well, healthy, prosperous, skillful

from kuśala (well-being, skill) + in (possessive suffix)

यदि (yadi) - if

(indeclinable)

काकुत्स्थः (kākutsthaḥ) - Rama (descendant of Kakutstha)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kākutstha

kākutstha - descendant of Kakutstha, Rama

patronymic from Kakutstha

Note: epithet for Rama

किम् (kim) - why (what, why)

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, why

Note: used here as an interrogative adverb meaning 'why?'

नु (nu) - then (then, indeed, now, interrogative particle)

(indeclinable)

Note: emphatic or interrogative particle

सागरमेखलाम् (sāgaramekhalām) - whose girdle is the ocean, ocean-girdled

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sāgaramekhala

sāgaramekhala - whose girdle is the ocean, ocean-girdled

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sāgara+mekhalā)

• sāgara – ocean, sea
  noun (masculine)
• mekhalā – girdle, belt, zone
  noun (feminine)

Note: qualifies Mahīm

महीम् (mahīm) - the earth, ground

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mahī

mahī - earth, ground

Note: object of dahati

दहति (dahati) - he burns, consumes, destroys

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of dah

Root: dah (class 1)

Note: subject is kākutsthaḥ (Rama)

कोपेन (kopena) - with anger, by anger

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kopa

kopa - anger, wrath

from root kup (to be agitated)

Root: kup (class 4)

Note: means 'by means of anger'

युगान्ताग्निः (yugāntāgniḥ) - the fire at the end of an eon

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yugāntāgni

yugāntāgni - the fire of the destruction of the world at the end of an age (yuga)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yugānta+agni)

• yugānta – end of an eon/age
  noun (masculine)
• agni – fire, god of fire
  noun (masculine)

Note: part of the simile

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Note: particle of comparison

उत्थितः (utthitaḥ) - arisen, flared up, standing up

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of utthita

utthita - arisen, standing up, flared up, emerged

past passive participle

from root sthā with prefix ud-

Prefix: ud

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: qualifies yugāntāgniḥ

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