वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-28, verse-18

यदि वाचं प्रदास्यामि द्विजातिरिव संस्कृताम् ।
रावणं मन्यमाना मां सीता भीता भविष्यति ॥१८॥

18. yadi vācaṃ pradāsyāmi dvijātiriva saṃskṛtām ,
rāvaṇaṃ manyamānā māṃ sītā bhītā bhaviṣyati.

18. yadi vācam pradāsyāmi dvijātiḥ iva saṃskṛtām
rāvaṇam manyamānā mām sītā bhītā bhaviṣyati

18. yadi aham dvijātiḥ iva saṃskṛtām vācam pradāsyāmi,
rāvaṇam mām manyamānā sītā bhītā bhaviṣyati

18. If I utter refined speech like a Brahmin, Sītā, mistaking me for Rāvaṇa, will become frightened.

Words meanings summery:

• यदि (yadi) - if, supposing

• वाचम् (vācam) - speech, word, voice

• प्रदास्यामि (pradāsyāmi) - I will utter (speech) (I will give, I will offer, I will utter)

• द्विजातिः (dvijātiḥ) - Brahmin (twice-born, Brahmin, bird, snake)

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• संस्कृताम् (saṁskṛtām) - refined, eloquent (refined, cultivated, adorned, Sanskrit (language))

• रावणम् (rāvaṇam) - Rāvaṇa

• मन्यमाना (manyamānā) - mistaking (me for Rāvaṇa) (thinking, supposing, believing)

• माम् (mām) - me (Hanumān) (me)

• सीता (sītā) - Sītā

• भीता (bhītā) - afraid, frightened, fearful

• भविष्यति (bhaviṣyati) - will become (will be, will become)

Words meanings and morphology

यदि (yadi) - if, supposing

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a conditional clause.

वाचम् (vācam) - speech, word, voice

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vāc

vāc - speech, word, voice

Accusative singular feminine ending.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of pradāsyāmi.

प्रदास्यामि (pradāsyāmi) - I will utter (speech) (I will give, I will offer, I will utter)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of pra + √dā

Future Tense, 1st Person Singular

From prefix pra- + √dā + future suffix -sya- + personal ending -āmi.

Prefix: pra

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Subject is implied 'aham' (Hanumān).

द्विजातिः (dvijātiḥ) - Brahmin (twice-born, Brahmin, bird, snake)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dvijāti

dvijāti - twice-born, Brahmin, bird, snake

Compound: dvi (two) + jāti (birth). Nominative singular masculine ending.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvi+jāti)

• dvi – two, twice
  numeral
• jāti – birth, origin, class, caste
  noun (feminine)
  From √jan (to be born).
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Used in a simile with 'iva'.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Particle expressing comparison.

संस्कृताम् (saṁskṛtām) - refined, eloquent (refined, cultivated, adorned, Sanskrit (language))

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of saṃskṛtā

saṁskṛta - refined, cultivated, adorned, well-formed

Past Passive Participle

From sam- + √kṛ (to do, make) + suffix -ta. Feminine form. Accusative singular feminine ending.

Prefix: sam

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Refers to the style of speech.

रावणम् (rāvaṇam) - Rāvaṇa

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Rāvaṇa (proper name of the demon king)

Accusative singular masculine ending.

Root: ru (class 2)

Note: Object of manyamānā.

मन्यमाना (manyamānā) - mistaking (me for Rāvaṇa) (thinking, supposing, believing)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of √man

√man - to think, suppose, believe, consider

Present Active Participle

From √man (4th class, middle voice) + participle suffix -māna. Nominative singular feminine ending.

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Qualifies Sītā. Takes two objects: 'mām' and 'rāvaṇam'.

माम् (mām) - me (Hanumān) (me)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I

Accusative singular form of the first person pronoun aham.

Note: Refers to Hanumān.

सीता (sītā) - Sītā

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sītā

sītā - Sītā (proper name of Rāma's wife)

Nominative singular feminine ending.

भीता (bhītā) - afraid, frightened, fearful

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhītā

bhīta - afraid, frightened

Past Passive Participle

From √bhī (to fear) + suffix -ta. Feminine form. Nominative singular feminine ending.

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Qualifies Sītā.

भविष्यति (bhaviṣyati) - will become (will be, will become)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of √bhū

Future Tense, 3rd Person Singular

Future stem bhaviṣya- + personal ending -ti.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Subject is 'Sītā'.