वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-10, verse-9

कस्य वा ते प्रियं कार्यं केन वा विप्रियं कृतम् ।
कः प्रियं लभतामद्य को वा सुमहदप्रियम् ॥९॥

9. kasya vā te priyaṃ kāryaṃ kena vā vipriyaṃ kṛtam ,
kaḥ priyaṃ labhatāmadya ko vā sumahadapriyam.

9. kasya vā te priyam kāryam kena vā vipriyam kṛtam
kaḥ priyam labhatām adya kaḥ vā su-mahat apriyam

9. vā te kasya priyam kāryam (astu)?
vā kena vipriyam kṛtam (asti)?
adya kaḥ priyam labhatām? vā
kaḥ sumahat apriyam (labhatām)?

9. For whose sake should a favor be done for you, or by whom has an offense been committed against you? Who should receive a favor today, or who a great misfortune?

Words meanings summery:

• कस्य (kasya) - for whose (sake) (whose, of whom, to whom)

• वा (vā) - or (or, either)

• ते (te) - for you (your, to you, by you)

• प्रियम् (priyam) - a favor (dear, pleasant, beloved, a favor, a pleasant thing)

• कार्यम् (kāryam) - should be done (to be done, proper to be done, a task, a deed)

• केन (kena) - by whom (by whom, with what)

• वा (vā) - or (or, either)

• विप्रियम् (vipriyam) - an offense (unpleasant thing) (unpleasant, disagreeable, hostile, a wrong, an offense)

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - done (done, made, performed, deed)

• कः (kaḥ) - who

• प्रियम् (priyam) - a favor (dear, pleasant, beloved, a favor, a pleasant thing)

• लभताम् (labhatām) - let him receive (let him obtain, may he get, he should gain)

• अद्य (adya) - today (today, now, at present)

• कः (kaḥ) - who

• वा (vā) - or (or, either)

• सुमहत् (sumahat) - a very great (very great, exceedingly large)

• अप्रियम् (apriyam) - a misfortune (unpleasant, disagreeable, hostile, a wrong, an offense, misfortune)

Words meanings and morphology

कस्य (kasya) - for whose (sake) (whose, of whom, to whom)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: Often implies 'for the sake of whom'.

वा (vā) - or (or, either)

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - for you (your, to you, by you)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Here as dative, 'for you'.

प्रियम् (priyam) - a favor (dear, pleasant, beloved, a favor, a pleasant thing)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of priya

priya - dear, beloved, pleasant, agreeable, a friend, a favor

कार्यम् (kāryam) - should be done (to be done, proper to be done, a task, a deed)

(gerundive)

Note: Implies 'should be done'.

केन (kena) - by whom (by whom, with what)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

वा (vā) - or (or, either)

(indeclinable)

विप्रियम् (vipriyam) - an offense (unpleasant thing) (unpleasant, disagreeable, hostile, a wrong, an offense)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vipriya

vipriya - unpleasant, disagreeable, hostile, disliked, an injury, an offense

Opposite of priya, with prefix vi- indicating separation/negation.

Compound type : prādi-samāsa (vi+priya)

• vi – apart, away, without, opposite
  prefix
• priya – dear, beloved, pleasant, agreeable
  adjective (neuter)

कृतम् (kṛtam) - done (done, made, performed, deed)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, accomplished, acted, a deed, an act

Past Passive Participle

From root kṛ (to do/make)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Often implies 'has been done'.

कः (kaḥ) - who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

प्रियम् (priyam) - a favor (dear, pleasant, beloved, a favor, a pleasant thing)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of priya

priya - dear, beloved, pleasant, agreeable, a friend, a favor

लभताम् (labhatām) - let him receive (let him obtain, may he get, he should gain)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of labh

Root verb, 1st class (bhvā-di), Ātmanepada

Root: labh (class 1)

अद्य (adya) - today (today, now, at present)

(indeclinable)

कः (kaḥ) - who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

वा (vā) - or (or, either)

(indeclinable)

सुमहत् (sumahat) - a very great (very great, exceedingly large)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sumahat

sumahat - very great, very mighty, exceedingly large

Compound of su- (good, intense) and mahat (great)

Compound type : prādi-samāsa (su+mahat)

• su – good, well, excellent, very, greatly
  prefix
• mahat – great, large, mighty, important
  adjective (neuter)

अप्रियम् (apriyam) - a misfortune (unpleasant, disagreeable, hostile, a wrong, an offense, misfortune)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of apriya

apriya - unpleasant, disagreeable, hostile, disliked, an injury, an offense, misfortune

Compound of a- (not) and priya (dear)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+priya)

• a – not, un-
  prefix
• priya – dear, beloved, pleasant, agreeable
  adjective (neuter)