वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-10, verse-3

स वृद्धस्तरुणीं भार्यां प्राणेभ्यो ऽपि गरीयसीम् ।
अपापः पापसंकल्पां ददर्श धरणीतले ॥३॥

3. sa vṛddhastaruṇīṃ bhāryāṃ prāṇebhyo'pi garīyasīm ,
apāpaḥ pāpasaṃkalpāṃ dadarśa dharaṇītale.

3. saḥ vṛddhaḥ taruṇīm bhāryām prāṇebhyaḥ api
garīyasīm | apāpaḥ pāpasaṅkalpām dadarśa dharaṇītale

3. saḥ vṛddhaḥ apāpaḥ prāṇebhyaḥ api garīyasīm
taruṇīm bhāryām pāpasaṅkalpām dharaṇītale dadarśa

3. The innocent old man saw his young wife, who harbored sinful intentions but was dearer to him than life itself, lying on the ground.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• वृद्धः (vṛddhaḥ) - old, aged, grown

• तरुणीम् (taruṇīm) - young, youthful (feminine)

• भार्याम् (bhāryām) - wife

• प्राणेभ्यः (prāṇebhyaḥ) - from breaths, from lives; than lives

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• गरीयसीम् (garīyasīm) - heavier, more important, dearer (feminine, accusative)

• अपापः (apāpaḥ) - sinless, faultless, innocent

• पापसङ्कल्पाम् (pāpasaṅkalpām) - with sinful intentions/thoughts (feminine, accusative)

• ददर्श (dadarśa) - saw, beheld

• धरणीतले (dharaṇītale) - on the ground, on the surface of the earth

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

वृद्धः (vṛddhaḥ) - old, aged, grown

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛddha

vṛddha - old, aged, grown; a grown-up, an elder

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vṛdh (to grow) with suffix -ta

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

तरुणीम् (taruṇīm) - young, youthful (feminine)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of taruṇī

taruṇī - young woman, youthful woman

Feminine of taruṇa

भार्याम् (bhāryām) - wife

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of bhāryā

bhāryā - wife, she who is to be supported

Gerundive (Passive Future Participle)

Derived from root bhṛ (to bear, support) with suffix -ya

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

प्राणेभ्यः (prāṇebhyaḥ) - from breaths, from lives; than lives

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, plural of prāṇa

prāṇa - breath, life-force, vital air, life

Note: Used here in comparative sense 'than'

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

गरीयसीम् (garīyasīm) - heavier, more important, dearer (feminine, accusative)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of garīyasī

garīyasī - heavier, more weighty, more important, dearer (feminine)

Feminine of comparative adjective garīyas (from guru)

अपापः (apāpaḥ) - sinless, faultless, innocent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of apāpa

apāpa - sinless, faultless, innocent

Negative compound (nañ-tatpuruṣa) of pāpa

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+pāpa)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• pāpa – sin, evil, wicked
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'vṛddhaḥ'.

पापसङ्कल्पाम् (pāpasaṅkalpām) - with sinful intentions/thoughts (feminine, accusative)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pāpasaṅkalpā

pāpasaṅkalpā - having sinful intentions/thoughts

Feminine of pāpasaṅkalpa (bahuvrīhi compound)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pāpa+saṅkalpa)

• pāpa – sin, evil, wicked
  noun (neuter)
• saṅkalpa – resolve, intention, will, solemn vow
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: kḷp (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'bhāryām'.

ददर्श (dadarśa) - saw, beheld

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of dṛś

Perfect Active

Root dṛś, Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Root: dṛś (class 1)

धरणीतले (dharaṇītale) - on the ground, on the surface of the earth

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of dharaṇītala

dharaṇītala - surface of the earth, ground

Tatpuruṣa compound: dharaṇī (earth) + tala (surface)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharaṇī+tala)

• dharaṇī – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• tala – surface, ground, plane
  noun (neuter)

Note: Refers to the physical ground.