मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-37, verse-4
चकार सोर्ऽथं धर्मेण धर्ममर्थेन वा पुनः ।
तयोश्चैवाविरोधेन बुभुजे विषयानपि ॥४॥
तयोश्चैवाविरोधेन बुभुजे विषयानपि ॥४॥
4. cakāra sor'thaṃ dharmeṇa dharmamarthena vā punaḥ .
tayoścaivāvirodhena bubhuje viṣayānapi.
tayoścaivāvirodhena bubhuje viṣayānapi.
4.
cakāra saḥ artham dharmeṇa dharmam arthena vā
punaḥ tayoḥ ca eva avirodhena bubhuje viṣayān api
punaḥ tayoḥ ca eva avirodhena bubhuje viṣayān api
4.
He pursued material prosperity (artha) through adhering to his natural law (dharma), and conversely, he also pursued his natural law (dharma) through material prosperity (artha). Moreover, by avoiding conflict between these two, he enjoyed sensory pleasures as well.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- चकार (cakāra) - he achieved/pursued (he did, he made, he performed)
- सः (saḥ) - he (Alarka) (he, that)
- अर्थम् (artham) - material prosperity (artha) (wealth, purpose, meaning, object)
- धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - through his natural law (dharma) (by dharma, through righteousness, by law)
- धर्मम् (dharmam) - his natural law (dharma) (dharma, righteousness, law)
- अर्थेन (arthena) - through material prosperity (artha) (by wealth, through purpose)
- वा (vā) - or
- पुनः (punaḥ) - moreover (again, but, moreover)
- तयोः (tayoḥ) - of these two (dharma and artha) (of them both, of these two)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, just)
- अविरोधेन (avirodhena) - by avoiding conflict (by non-opposition, without conflict)
- बुभुजे (bubhuje) - he enjoyed (he enjoyed, he protected, he ate)
- विषयान् (viṣayān) - sensory pleasures (objects of sense, realms, subjects)
- अपि (api) - as well (also, even)
Words meanings and morphology
चकार (cakāra) - he achieved/pursued (he did, he made, he performed)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, Perfect (lit) of kṛ
Perfect Active
Perfect 3rd person singular active
Root: kṛ (class 8)
सः (saḥ) - he (Alarka) (he, that)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Subject of `cakāra`.
अर्थम् (artham) - material prosperity (artha) (wealth, purpose, meaning, object)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of artha
artha - wealth, purpose, meaning, object, material prosperity
Note: Object of `cakāra`.
धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - through his natural law (dharma) (by dharma, through righteousness, by law)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of dharma
dharma - righteousness, law, duty, intrinsic nature, constitution
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
Note: Instrumental indicates means, 'by means of dharma'.
धर्मम् (dharmam) - his natural law (dharma) (dharma, righteousness, law)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma
dharma - righteousness, law, duty, intrinsic nature, constitution
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
Note: Object of `cakāra` (implied).
अर्थेन (arthena) - through material prosperity (artha) (by wealth, through purpose)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of artha
artha - wealth, purpose, meaning, object, material prosperity
Note: Instrumental indicates means, 'by means of artha'.
वा (vā) - or
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects the two alternative statements.
पुनः (punaḥ) - moreover (again, but, moreover)
(indeclinable)
Note: Used to introduce the alternative or an additional point.
तयोः (tayoḥ) - of these two (dharma and artha) (of them both, of these two)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, dual of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Refers to `dharma` and `artha`.
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
Note: For emphasis 'and indeed'.
एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, just)
(indeclinable)
Note: Emphatic particle.
अविरोधेन (avirodhena) - by avoiding conflict (by non-opposition, without conflict)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of avirodha
avirodha - non-opposition, absence of conflict, harmony
Tatpuruṣa compound: a (negation) + virodha (opposition)
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+virodha)
- a – not, non-
indeclinable
Negative prefix - virodha – opposition, conflict, contradiction
noun (masculine)
From vi + rudh (to obstruct)
Prefix: vi
Root: rudh (class 7)
Note: Instrumental indicates means, 'by means of non-conflict'.
बुभुजे (bubhuje) - he enjoyed (he enjoyed, he protected, he ate)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, Perfect (lit) of bhuj
Perfect Middle
Perfect 3rd person singular middle voice
Root: bhuj (class 7)
विषयान् (viṣayān) - sensory pleasures (objects of sense, realms, subjects)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of viṣaya
viṣaya - object of sense, sphere, realm, domain, subject (of a kingdom), sensory pleasure
Prefix: vi
Root: si (class 5)
Note: Object of `bubhuje`.
अपि (api) - as well (also, even)
(indeclinable)
Note: Emphasizes that this was done *in addition* to managing dharma and artha.