मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-37, verse-11
सोऽपि नैच्छत्तदा दातुमाज्ञापूर्वं स्वधर्मवित् ।
प्रत्युवाच च तं दूतमलर्कः काशिभूभृतः ॥११॥
प्रत्युवाच च तं दूतमलर्कः काशिभूभृतः ॥११॥
11. so'pi naicchattadā dātumājñāpūrvaṃ svadharmavit .
pratyuvāca ca taṃ dūtamalarkaḥ kāśibhūbhṛtaḥ.
pratyuvāca ca taṃ dūtamalarkaḥ kāśibhūbhṛtaḥ.
11.
saḥ api na aicchat tadā dātum ājñāpūrvam svadharmavit
pratyuvāca ca tam dūtam alarkaḥ kāśibhūbhṛtaḥ
pratyuvāca ca tam dūtam alarkaḥ kāśibhūbhṛtaḥ
11.
But Alarka, who understood his own intrinsic nature (dharma) and duty, did not then wish to hand over the kingdom under command. And he replied to the messenger of the king of Kashi:
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- सः (saḥ) - Alarka (he, that)
- अपि (api) - also, even, but
- न (na) - not
- ऐच्छत् (aicchat) - he wished, he desired
- तदा (tadā) - then, at that time
- दातुम् (dātum) - to give, to hand over
- आज्ञापूर्वम् (ājñāpūrvam) - preceded by a command, under duress, as per order
- स्वधर्मवित् (svadharmavit) - Alarka, who knows his rightful duty and nature (dharma) (one who knows his own duty (dharma), one who knows his own intrinsic nature)
- प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - he replied
- च (ca) - and, also
- तम् (tam) - to that messenger (that, him)
- दूतम् (dūtam) - messenger, envoy
- अलर्कः (alarkaḥ) - Alarka
- काशिभूभृतः (kāśibhūbhṛtaḥ) - of the king of Kashi
Words meanings and morphology
सः (saḥ) - Alarka (he, that)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
अपि (api) - also, even, but
(indeclinable)
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
ऐच्छत् (aicchat) - he wished, he desired
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of iṣ
Root: iṣ (class 6)
तदा (tadā) - then, at that time
(indeclinable)
दातुम् (dātum) - to give, to hand over
(indeclinable)
infinitive
Derived from root dā with tumun suffix
Root: dā (class 3)
आज्ञापूर्वम् (ājñāpūrvam) - preceded by a command, under duress, as per order
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of ājñāpūrva
ājñāpūrva - preceded by a command, based on an order
Compound type : tatpurusha (ājñā+pūrva)
- ājñā – command, order, permission
noun (feminine)
Prefix: ā
Root: jñā (class 9) - pūrva – preceding, former, earlier
adjective
Note: Used adverbially
स्वधर्मवित् (svadharmavit) - Alarka, who knows his rightful duty and nature (dharma) (one who knows his own duty (dharma), one who knows his own intrinsic nature)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of svadharmavid
svadharmavid - knower of one's own duty or intrinsic nature (dharma)
Derived from sva (own) + dharma (duty/nature) + vid (knower)
Compound type : tatpurusha (sva+dharma+vid)
- sva – own, one's own
pronoun - dharma – duty, righteousness, natural law, intrinsic nature (dharma)
noun (masculine)
Root: dhṛ (class 1) - vid – knower, learned
noun (masculine)
agent noun from root vid
Root: vid (class 2)
प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - he replied
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (liṭ) of vac
Prefix: prati
Root: vac (class 2)
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
तम् (tam) - to that messenger (that, him)
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
दूतम् (dūtam) - messenger, envoy
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of dūta
dūta - messenger, envoy, agent
Root: dū (class 5)
अलर्कः (alarkaḥ) - Alarka
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of alarka
alarka - Alarka (a proper name)
काशिभूभृतः (kāśibhūbhṛtaḥ) - of the king of Kashi
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of kāśibhūbhṛt
kāśibhūbhṛt - king of Kashi
Compound type : tatpurusha (kāśi+bhūbhṛt)
- kāśi – Kashi (name of a city/kingdom)
proper noun (feminine) - bhūbhṛt – king, earth-bearer, mountain
noun (masculine)
from bhū (earth) + bhṛ (bear/sustain)
Root: bhṛ (class 3)