महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-26, verse-31

सोपाविशद्रथोपस्थे तव पुत्रेण ताडितः ।
रुधिराप्लुतसर्वाङ्ग आशीविष इव श्वसन् ॥३१॥

31. sopāviśadrathopasthe tava putreṇa tāḍitaḥ ,
rudhirāplutasarvāṅga āśīviṣa iva śvasan.

31. saḥ upāviśat ratha-upasthe tava putreṇa tāḍitaḥ
rudhira-āpluta-sarva-aṅgaḥ āśīviṣaḥ iva śvasan

31. tava putreṇa tāḍitaḥ rudhira-āpluta-sarva-aṅgaḥ
saḥ āśīviṣaḥ iva śvasan ratha-upasthe upāviśat

31. Struck by your son, his entire body drenched in blood, he sat down upon the chariot deck, hissing like a venomous snake.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - Sahadeva (he, that)

• उपाविशत् (upāviśat) - he sat down, he took a seat

• रथ-उपस्थे (ratha-upasthe) - on the chariot seat, on the chariot deck

• तव (tava) - your, of you

• पुत्रेण (putreṇa) - by your son (by the son)

• ताडितः (tāḍitaḥ) - struck, beaten, hit

• रुधिर-आप्लुत-सर्व-अङ्गः (rudhira-āpluta-sarva-aṅgaḥ) - whose entire body is drenched in blood

• आशीविषः (āśīviṣaḥ) - venomous snake, viper

• इव (iva) - like, as

• श्वसन् (śvasan) - breathing, hissing, sighing

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - Sahadeva (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - he, that, this

उपाविशत् (upāviśat) - he sat down, he took a seat

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of upaviś

Prefix: upa

Root: viś (class 6)

रथ-उपस्थे (ratha-upasthe) - on the chariot seat, on the chariot deck

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ratha-upastha

ratha-upastha - chariot seat, chariot lap or deck

Compound type : tatpurusha (ratha+upastha)

• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
• upastha – lap, seat, interior
  noun (masculine)

तव (tava) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of tvad

tvad - you

पुत्रेण (putreṇa) - by your son (by the son)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

ताडितः (tāḍitaḥ) - struck, beaten, hit

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tāḍita

tāḍita - struck, beaten

Past Passive Participle

from causative of taḍ

Root: taḍ (class 10)

रुधिर-आप्लुत-सर्व-अङ्गः (rudhira-āpluta-sarva-aṅgaḥ) - whose entire body is drenched in blood

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rudhira-āpluta-sarva-aṅga

rudhira-āpluta-sarva-aṅga - having all limbs bathed in blood

Compound type : bahuvrihi (rudhira-āpluta+sarva-aṅga)

• rudhira-āpluta – bathed in blood, drenched in blood
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Prefix: ā
  Root: plu (class 1)
• sarva-aṅga – all limbs, entire body
  noun (masculine)

आशीविषः (āśīviṣaḥ) - venomous snake, viper

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āśīviṣa

āśīviṣa - venomous snake, viper

इव (iva) - like, as

(indeclinable)

श्वसन् (śvasan) - breathing, hissing, sighing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śvasat

śvasat - breathing, sighing

Present active participle

from root śvas

Root: śvas (class 2)

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