महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-11, verse-8

तौ वृषाविव नर्दन्तौ मण्डलानि विचेरतुः ।
आवल्गितौ गदाहस्तौ मद्रराजवृकोदरौ ॥८॥

8. tau vṛṣāviva nardantau maṇḍalāni viceratuḥ ,
āvalgitau gadāhastau madrarājavṛkodarau.

8. tau vṛṣau iva nardantau maṇḍalāni viceratuḥ
āvalgitau gadāhastau madrarājavṛkodarau

8. tau madrarājavṛkodarau gadāhastau nardantau
vṛṣau iva āvalgitau maṇḍalāni viceratuḥ

8. Those two, Madrarāja and Vṛkodara (Bhīma), holding maces in their hands, roaring like two bulls, and leaping, moved about in circles.

Words meanings summery:

• तौ (tau) - those two

• वृषौ (vṛṣau) - two bulls

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• नर्दन्तौ (nardantau) - roaring, shouting

• मण्डलानि (maṇḍalāni) - strategic circular movements in combat (circles, circular movements)

• विचेरतुः (viceratuḥ) - they performed movements, circled around (they moved about, wandered, roamed)

• आवल्गितौ (āvalgitau) - leaping, moving swiftly

• गदाहस्तौ (gadāhastau) - having maces in hand, mace-wielding

• मद्रराजवृकोदरौ (madrarājavṛkodarau) - Madrarāja and Vṛkodara

Words meanings and morphology

तौ (tau) - those two

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to Madrarāja and Bhīma.

वृषौ (vṛṣau) - two bulls

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of vṛṣa

vṛṣa - bull, male, chief, best

Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison.

नर्दन्तौ (nardantau) - roaring, shouting

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of nardant

nardant - roaring, shouting, bellowing

Present Active Participle

Derived from √nard (to roar, shout).

Root: nard (class 1)

मण्डलानि (maṇḍalāni) - strategic circular movements in combat (circles, circular movements)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of maṇḍala

maṇḍala - circle, disc, orb, territory; circular movement

विचेरतुः (viceratuḥ) - they performed movements, circled around (they moved about, wandered, roamed)

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vicar

Perfect (liṭ), 3rd person dual, active voice. Root √car (to move) with upasarga vi-.

Prefix: vi

Root: car (class 1)

आवल्गितौ (āvalgitau) - leaping, moving swiftly

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of āvalgita

āvalgita - leaped, sprung, pranced, moved swiftly

Past Passive Participle

Derived from ā-√valg (to leap, spring). Sometimes PPP can take an active sense or describe a state.

Prefix: ā

Root: valg (class 1)

Note: Used here in an active sense, describing the state or action of the fighters.

गदाहस्तौ (gadāhastau) - having maces in hand, mace-wielding

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of gadāhasta

gadāhasta - one whose hand is a mace, one who has a mace in hand

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (gadā+hasta)

• gadā – mace, club
  noun (feminine)
• hasta – hand
  noun (masculine)

मद्रराजवृकोदरौ (madrarājavṛkodarau) - Madrarāja and Vṛkodara

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of madrarājavṛkodara

madrarājavṛkodara - Madrarāja and Vṛkodara (Śalya and Bhīma)

Compound type : dvandva (madrarāja+vṛkodara)

• madrarāja – king of Madras
  proper noun (masculine)
• vṛkodara – Vṛkodara (Bhīma)
  proper noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the sentence along with tau.