महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-11, verse-53

चक्ररक्षे हते शल्यः पाण्डवेन महात्मना ।
निजघान ततो राजंश्चेदीन्वै पञ्चविंशतिम् ॥५३॥

53. cakrarakṣe hate śalyaḥ pāṇḍavena mahātmanā ,
nijaghāna tato rājaṁścedīnvai pañcaviṁśatim.

53. cakrarakṣe hate śalyaḥ pāṇḍavena mahātmanā
nijaghāna tataḥ rājan cedīn vai pañcaviṃśatim

53. rājan cakrarakṣe mahātmanā pāṇḍavena hate
tataḥ śalyaḥ vai pañcaviṃśatim cedīn nijaghāna

53. O king, when the wheel-protectors were killed by the great-souled Pandava, Shalya then slew twenty-five Chedis.

Words meanings summery:

• चक्ररक्षे (cakrarakṣe) - when the wheel-protectors (of the chariot) were involved (i.e., killed) (upon the wheel-protectors, in the matter of the wheel-protectors)

• हते (hate) - when they were killed (killed, slain, destroyed)

• शल्यः (śalyaḥ) - Shalya (proper noun)

• पाण्डवेन (pāṇḍavena) - by the Pandava (referring to one of the Pandava brothers, likely Bhima or Arjuna, who would engage in such combat) (by the son of Pandu, by a Pandava)

• महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great-souled, by the noble-minded

• निजघान (nijaghāna) - he killed, he slew, he struck down

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, thereupon, from there

• राजन् (rājan) - Addressing Dhritarashtra, the usual listener of the Mahabharata narration. (O king!)

• चेदीन् (cedīn) - warriors from the Chedi kingdom (the Chedis (a people/tribe))

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, verily

• पञ्चविंशतिम् (pañcaviṁśatim) - a group of twenty-five (Chedis) (twenty-five)

Words meanings and morphology

चक्ररक्षे (cakrarakṣe) - when the wheel-protectors (of the chariot) were involved (i.e., killed) (upon the wheel-protectors, in the matter of the wheel-protectors)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of cakrarakṣa

cakrarakṣa - wheel-protector, guardian of the wheels (of a chariot)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (cakra+rakṣa)

• cakra – wheel, discus, circle
  noun (neuter)
• rakṣa – protector, guardian, preserving
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from the root √rakṣ (to protect).
  Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Used here in a locative absolute construction with 'hate'.

हते (hate) - when they were killed (killed, slain, destroyed)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - killed, slain, struck, injured

Past Passive Participle

Formed from the root √han (to strike, kill) with the suffix -ta.

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Used here in a locative absolute construction agreeing with 'cakrarakṣe'.

शल्यः (śalyaḥ) - Shalya (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śalya

śalya - Shalya (name of a king); dart, arrow, spear; thorn

Note: The subject of the verb 'nijaghāna'.

पाण्डवेन (pāṇḍavena) - by the Pandava (referring to one of the Pandava brothers, likely Bhima or Arjuna, who would engage in such combat) (by the son of Pandu, by a Pandava)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pandu, son of Pandu

Derived from 'paṇḍu' (Pandu), signifying a descendant.

Note: Agent of the action 'hate' (killed).

महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great-souled, by the noble-minded

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble-minded, exalted, the great self (ātman)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, the true nature (ātman)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'pāṇḍavena'.

निजघान (nijaghāna) - he killed, he slew, he struck down

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of nijaghāna

Perfect Tense (Liṭ)

Formed from the root √han with the prefix ni-.

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, thereupon, from there

(indeclinable)

राजन् (rājan) - Addressing Dhritarashtra, the usual listener of the Mahabharata narration. (O king!)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

चेदीन् (cedīn) - warriors from the Chedi kingdom (the Chedis (a people/tribe))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of cedi

cedi - the country or people of Chedi

Note: The object of the verb 'nijaghāna'.

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, verily

(indeclinable)

पञ्चविंशतिम् (pañcaviṁśatim) - a group of twenty-five (Chedis) (twenty-five)

(numeral)

Note: Counts the 'cedīn'. The numeral 'pañcaviṃśati' is inherently feminine and functions as a noun in agreement with the plural object.