महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-11, verse-16

गदया मद्रराजेन सव्यदक्षिणमाहतः ।
भीमसेनो महाबाहुर्न चचालाचलो यथा ॥१६॥

16. gadayā madrarājena savyadakṣiṇamāhataḥ ,
bhīmaseno mahābāhurna cacālācalo yathā.

16. gadayā madrarājena savyadakṣiṇam āhataḥ
bhīmaseno mahābāhuḥ na cacāla acalo yathā

16. madrarājena gadayā savyadakṣiṇam āhataḥ
mahābāhuḥ bhīmasenaḥ acalaḥ yathā na cacāla

16. Struck left and right with a mace by the king of Madras, the mighty-armed Bhimasena did not budge, just like an immovable mountain.

Words meanings summery:

• गदया (gadayā) - by the mace, with the mace

• मद्रराजेन (madrarājena) - by the king of Madras, by Shalya

• सव्यदक्षिणम् (savyadakṣiṇam) - left and right, on the left and right sides

• आहतः (āhataḥ) - struck, beaten, hit

• भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhimasena, Bhima

• महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - mighty-armed, one with great arms

• न (na) - not

• चचाल (cacāla) - shook, moved, stirred, budged

• अचलः (acalaḥ) - immovable, mountain

• यथा (yathā) - just as, like

Words meanings and morphology

गदया (gadayā) - by the mace, with the mace

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of gadā

gadā - a mace, a club

मद्रराजेन (madrarājena) - by the king of Madras, by Shalya

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of madrarāja

madrarāja - king of Madras

Compound type : tatpurusha (madra+rāja)

• madra – Madra, name of a country and people
  proper noun (masculine)
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

सव्यदक्षिणम् (savyadakṣiṇam) - left and right, on the left and right sides

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of savyadakṣiṇa

savyadakṣiṇa - left and right

Compound type : dvandva (savya+dakṣiṇa)

• savya – left, southern, reverse
  adjective (neuter)
• dakṣiṇa – right, southern, clever
  adjective (neuter)

Note: Used adverbially here meaning left and right

आहतः (āhataḥ) - struck, beaten, hit

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āhata

āhata - struck, beaten, hit

Past Passive Participle

From root han with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Past passive participle functioning as an adjective modifying bhīmasenaḥ

भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhimasena, Bhima

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhimasena

Compound type : bahuvrihi (bhīma+sena)

• bhīma – terrible, fearsome, Bhima
  adjective (masculine)
• sena – army, host
  noun (masculine)

महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - mighty-armed, one with great arms

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābāhu

mahābāhu - mighty-armed

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+bāhu)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

चचाल (cacāla) - shook, moved, stirred, budged

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of cal

Root: cal (class 1)

अचलः (acalaḥ) - immovable, mountain

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of acala

acala - immovable, mountain

Compound type : tatpurusha (a+cala)

• a – non, not
  indeclinable
• cala – moving, shaking
  adjective (masculine)

यथा (yathā) - just as, like

(indeclinable)

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