महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-8, verse-43

तस्मात्प्रमथितान्नागात्क्षेमधूर्तिमवद्रुतम् ।
उद्यतासिमुपायान्तं गदयाहन्वृकोदरः ॥४३॥

43. tasmātpramathitānnāgātkṣemadhūrtimavadrutam ,
udyatāsimupāyāntaṁ gadayāhanvṛkodaraḥ.

43. tasmāt pramathitāt nāgāt kṣemadhūrtim avadrutam
udyatāsim upāyāntam gadayā āhan vṛkodaraḥ

43. vṛkodaraḥ tasmāt pramathitāt nāgāt avadrutam
udyatāsim upāyāntam kṣemadhūrtim gadayā āhan

43. From that agitated elephant, Vṛkodara (Bhīma) struck Kṣemadhūrti with a mace, as Kṣemadhūrti, having dismounted (from it), was approaching (him) with an upraised sword.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - from that, from him, therefore

• प्रमथितात् (pramathitāt) - from the agitated, from the tormented

• नागात् (nāgāt) - from the elephant

• क्षेमधूर्तिम् (kṣemadhūrtim) - the warrior Kṣemadhūrti (Kṣemadhūrti)

• अवद्रुतम् (avadrutam) - having rushed down, having dismounted, having descended

• उद्यतासिम् (udyatāsim) - with an upraised sword

• उपायान्तम् (upāyāntam) - approaching, coming near

• गदया (gadayā) - with a mace

• आहन् (āhan) - struck, hit

• वृकोदरः (vṛkodaraḥ) - Bhīma (Vṛkodara)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - from that, from him, therefore

(pronoun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

प्रमथितात् (pramathitāt) - from the agitated, from the tormented

(adjective)

Ablative, masculine, singular of pramathita

pramathita - agitated, tormented, churned

Past Passive Participle

Derived from pra-√math (to churn, agitate, torment)

Prefix: pra

Root: math (class 1)

Note: Agrees with nāgāt

नागात् (nāgāt) - from the elephant

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of nāga

nāga - serpent, elephant, mountain

क्षेमधूर्तिम् (kṣemadhūrtim) - the warrior Kṣemadhūrti (Kṣemadhūrti)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṣemadhūrti

kṣemadhūrti - Kṣemadhūrti (proper noun)

अवद्रुतम् (avadrutam) - having rushed down, having dismounted, having descended

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of avadruta

avadruta - rushed down, descended, fled

Past Passive Participle

Derived from ava-√dru (to run down, flee, descend)

Prefix: ava

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Agrees with Kṣemadhūrtim

उद्यतासिम् (udyatāsim) - with an upraised sword

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of udyatāsi

udyatāsi - one with an upraised sword

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (udyata+asi)

• udyata – uplifted, upraised, ready
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from ud-√yam (to lift up, raise)
  Prefix: ud
  Root: yam (class 1)
• asi – sword, knife
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with Kṣemadhūrtim

उपायान्तम् (upāyāntam) - approaching, coming near

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of upāyānta

upāyānta - approaching, coming near

Present Active Participle

Derived from upa-ā-√yā (to approach, come near)

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Agrees with Kṣemadhūrtim

गदया (gadayā) - with a mace

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of gadā

gadā - mace, club

आहन् (āhan) - struck, hit

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of √han

Root: han (class 2)

वृकोदरः (vṛkodaraḥ) - Bhīma (Vṛkodara)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛkodara

vṛkodara - wolf-bellied (epithet of Bhīma)