महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-8, verse-18

कलापिनश्चापहस्ता दीर्घकेशाः प्रियाहवाः ।
पत्तयः सात्यकेरन्ध्रा घोररूपपराक्रमाः ॥१८॥

18. kalāpinaścāpahastā dīrghakeśāḥ priyāhavāḥ ,
pattayaḥ sātyakerandhrā ghorarūpaparākramāḥ.

18. kalāpinaḥ ca cāpahastāḥ dīrghakeśāḥ priyāhavāḥ
pattayaḥ sātyakerandhrāḥ ghorarūpaparākramāḥ

18. pattayaḥ kalāpinaḥ ca cāpahastāḥ dīrghakeśāḥ
priyāhavāḥ sātyakerandhrāḥ ghorarūpaparākramāḥ

18. They were foot-soldiers, wearing quivers and holding bows, long-haired, fond of battle, as strong as Satyaki with no vulnerabilities, and formidable in appearance and valor.

Words meanings summery:

• कलापिनः (kalāpinaḥ) - wearing quivers (wearing a quiver, having a bundle or collection)

• च (ca) - and, also

• चापहस्ताः (cāpahastāḥ) - having bows in hand, armed with bows

• दीर्घकेशाः (dīrghakeśāḥ) - long-haired, having long hair

• प्रियाहवाः (priyāhavāḥ) - fond of battle (fond of calling/challenge, loving battle, belligerent)

• पत्तयः (pattayaḥ) - foot-soldiers, infantry

• सात्यकेरन्ध्राः (sātyakerandhrāḥ) - as strong as Satyaki, having no vulnerabilities (without weakness like Satyaki, having Satyaki as their vulnerability (paradoxically implying great strength), whose vulnerabilities are like Satyaki's (i.e. minimal).)

• घोररूपपराक्रमाः (ghorarūpaparākramāḥ) - formidable in appearance and valor (of formidable appearance and valor, having terrible form and great prowess)

Words meanings and morphology

कलापिनः (kalāpinaḥ) - wearing quivers (wearing a quiver, having a bundle or collection)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kalāpin

kalāpin - wearing a quiver; having a bundle, collection

Derived from the noun `kalāpa` (quiver, bundle) with the possessive suffix `in`.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

चापहस्ताः (cāpahastāḥ) - having bows in hand, armed with bows

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of cāpahasta

cāpahasta - having a bow in hand, armed with a bow

Bahuvrīhi compound: cāpa (bow) + hasta (hand).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (cāpa+hasta)

• cāpa – bow
  noun (masculine)
• hasta – hand
  noun (masculine)

Note: The original text reads `cāpahastā` (ending in -ā), an irregular nominative plural masculine form or poetic license, which would typically be `cāpahastāḥ`.

दीर्घकेशाः (dīrghakeśāḥ) - long-haired, having long hair

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dīrghakeśa

dīrghakeśa - long-haired, having long hair

Bahuvrīhi compound: dīrgha (long) + keśa (hair).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dīrgha+keśa)

• dīrgha – long, extensive
  adjective
• keśa – hair (of the head)
  noun (masculine)

प्रियाहवाः (priyāhavāḥ) - fond of battle (fond of calling/challenge, loving battle, belligerent)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of priyāhava

priyāhava - fond of battle, loving challenge

Bahuvrīhi compound: priya (dear, fond of) + āhava (challenge, battle).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (priya+āhava)

• priya – dear, beloved, pleasing, fond of
  adjective
• āhava – challenge, battle, war, invitation
  noun (masculine)
  action noun
  from root hve (to call, challenge) with prefix ā
  Prefix: ā
  Root: hve (class 1)

पत्तयः (pattayaḥ) - foot-soldiers, infantry

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of patti

patti - foot-soldier, infantry

सात्यकेरन्ध्राः (sātyakerandhrāḥ) - as strong as Satyaki, having no vulnerabilities (without weakness like Satyaki, having Satyaki as their vulnerability (paradoxically implying great strength), whose vulnerabilities are like Satyaki's (i.e. minimal).)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sātyakerandhra

sātyakerandhra - invulnerable like Satyaki, without defects/weaknesses of Satyaki's kind

Compound likely formed from `Sātyakeḥ` (genitive singular of Sātyaki) + `arandhra` (without defect/weakness). Interpreted as 'without the flaws of Satyaki' or 'as strong as Satyaki, having no vulnerabilities'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sātyaki+a-randhra)

• sātyaki – Sātyaki (a renowned Yādava warrior, known for his strength and skill)
  proper noun (masculine)
• a-randhra – without defect, flawless, invulnerable, without gaps
  adjective
  Negative compound: a (not) + randhra (flaw, defect, vulnerability, gap).

Note: The original text reads `sātyakerandhrā` (ending in -ā), an irregular nominative plural masculine form or poetic license, which would typically be `sātyakerandhrāḥ`.

घोररूपपराक्रमाः (ghorarūpaparākramāḥ) - formidable in appearance and valor (of formidable appearance and valor, having terrible form and great prowess)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ghorarūpaparākrama

ghorarūpaparākrama - of formidable appearance and valor, having terrible form and great prowess

Bahuvrīhi compound, possibly formed from ghorarūpa (terrible form) and parākrama (prowess).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ghorarūpa+parākrama)

• ghorarūpa – terrible form, dreadful appearance
  adjective (neuter)
  Tatpuruṣa compound: ghora (terrible, dreadful) + rūpa (form, appearance).
• parākrama – prowess, valor, heroism
  noun (masculine)
  action noun
  from root kram (to step, stride) with prefix parā
  Prefix: parā
  Root: kram (class 1)