महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-8, verse-21

तस्य सैन्यस्य महतो महामात्रवरैर्वृतः ।
मध्यं वृकोदरोऽभ्यागात्त्वदीयं नागधूर्गतः ॥२१॥

21. tasya sainyasya mahato mahāmātravarairvṛtaḥ ,
madhyaṁ vṛkodaro'bhyāgāttvadīyaṁ nāgadhūrgataḥ.

21. tasya sainyasya mahataḥ mahāmātravaiḥ vṛtaḥ
madhyam vṛkodaraḥ abhyāgāt tvadīyam nāgadhūrgtataḥ

21. vṛkodaraḥ mahāmātravaiḥ vṛtaḥ nāgadhūrgtataḥ
tasya mahataḥ sainyasya tvadīyam madhyam abhyāgāt

21. Bhima (Vrikodara), accompanied by excellent elephant-drivers, approached the middle of that great army of yours, riding on an elephant's back.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - of that, his

• सैन्यस्य (sainyasya) - of the army, of the host

• महतः (mahataḥ) - great, large, mighty

• महामात्रवैः (mahāmātravaiḥ) - by the chief elephant-drivers

• वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - surrounded, accompanied, covered

• मध्यम् (madhyam) - middle, center

• वृकोदरः (vṛkodaraḥ) - Vrikodara (Bhima)

• अभ्यागात् (abhyāgāt) - approached, came towards

• त्वदीयम् (tvadīyam) - your, belonging to you

• नागधूर्ग्ततः (nāgadhūrgtataḥ) - mounted on an elephant's back/neck, riding an elephant

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - of that, his

(pronoun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it

सैन्यस्य (sainyasya) - of the army, of the host

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of sainya

sainya - army, host, forces

महतः (mahataḥ) - great, large, mighty

(adjective)

Genitive, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, considerable

महामात्रवैः (mahāmātravaiḥ) - by the chief elephant-drivers

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mahāmātravra

mahāmātravra - chief elephant-driver, chief minister

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahāmātra+vara)

• mahāmātra – chief minister, high official, chief elephant-driver
  noun (masculine)
• vara – best, excellent, chief
  adjective

वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - surrounded, accompanied, covered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛta

vṛta - covered, surrounded, chosen, accompanied

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vṛ (to cover, surround, choose)

Root: vṛ (class 5)

मध्यम् (madhyam) - middle, center

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of madhya

madhya - middle, central, midst

वृकोदरः (vṛkodaraḥ) - Vrikodara (Bhima)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛkodara

vṛkodara - wolf-bellied, a name of Bhima

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vṛka+udara)

• vṛka – wolf
  noun (masculine)
• udara – belly, abdomen
  noun (neuter)

अभ्यागात् (abhyāgāt) - approached, came towards

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of gam

Prefixes: abhi+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

त्वदीयम् (tvadīyam) - your, belonging to you

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tvadīya

tvadīya - your, thine, belonging to you

नागधूर्ग्ततः (nāgadhūrgtataḥ) - mounted on an elephant's back/neck, riding an elephant

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nāgadhūrgtata

nāgadhūrgtata - one who has gone to the elephant's yoke/neck

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nāgadhūr+gata)

• nāgadhūr – elephant's neck or forehead; elephant's yoke (where the rider sits)
  noun (feminine)
• gata – gone, reached, mounted, being on
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)