महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-11, verse-30

अहो वीर्यस्य सारत्वमहो सौष्ठवमेतयोः ।
स्थितावेतौ हि समरे कालान्तकयमोपमौ ॥३०॥

30. aho vīryasya sāratvamaho sauṣṭhavametayoḥ ,
sthitāvetau hi samare kālāntakayamopamau.

30. aho vīryasya sāratvam aho sauṣṭhavam etayoḥ
sthitau etau hi samare kālāntakayamopamau

30. aho vīryasya sāratvam aho etayoḥ sauṣṭhavam
hi etau samare kālāntakayamopamau sthitau

30. Oh, what an essence of valor! Oh, what superb dexterity these two possess! Indeed, these two stand in battle resembling Kāla, Antaka, and Yama – the very embodiments of death.

Words meanings summery:

• अहो (aho) - Oh!, Ah!, indeed!, alas!

• वीर्यस्य (vīryasya) - of valor, of heroism, of might

• सारत्वम् (sāratvam) - the very essence of valor (essential nature, essence, excellence)

• अहो (aho) - Oh!, Ah!, indeed!, alas!

• सौष्ठवम् (sauṣṭhavam) - superb dexterity (dexterity, skill, excellence, grace)

• एतयोः (etayoḥ) - of Arjuna and Karna (of these two)

• स्थितौ (sthitau) - they stand, they are present (standing, situated, present)

• एतौ (etau) - Arjuna and Karna (these two)

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because, for

• समरे (samare) - in battle, in the fight

• कालान्तकयमोपमौ (kālāntakayamopamau) - like the very embodiments of death (resembling Kāla, Antaka, and Yama)

Words meanings and morphology

अहो (aho) - Oh!, Ah!, indeed!, alas!

(indeclinable)

Exclamatory particle

Note: Expresses wonder or admiration.

वीर्यस्य (vīryasya) - of valor, of heroism, of might

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of vīrya

vīrya - valor, heroism, strength, energy

Root: vīr (class 10)

Note: Possessive, qualifying "sāratvam".

सारत्वम् (sāratvam) - the very essence of valor (essential nature, essence, excellence)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sāratva

sāratva - essential nature, essence, excellence, substantiality

From sāra (essence) + tva (abstract suffix)

Root: sṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject (implicitly, 'there is').

अहो (aho) - Oh!, Ah!, indeed!, alas!

(indeclinable)

Exclamatory particle

Note: Expresses further wonder or admiration.

सौष्ठवम् (sauṣṭhavam) - superb dexterity (dexterity, skill, excellence, grace)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sauṣṭhava

sauṣṭhava - excellence, grace, skill, dexterity

From suṣṭhu (well, properly) + aṇ (suffix forming noun)

Note: Subject (implicitly, 'there is').

एतयोः (etayoḥ) - of Arjuna and Karna (of these two)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of etad

etad - this

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Possessive, 'of these two'.

स्थितौ (sthitau) - they stand, they are present (standing, situated, present)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of sthita

sthita - stood, stationed, situated, abiding

Past Passive Participle

From root sthā (to stand) + kta (pp. suffix)

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective, agrees with "etau".

एतौ (etau) - Arjuna and Karna (these two)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of etad

etad - this

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Subject.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because, for

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle

समरे (samare) - in battle, in the fight

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, combat

From sam (together) + ṛ (to go)

Prefix: sam

Root: ṛ (class 3)

Note: Denotes the place or context of their standing.

कालान्तकयमोपमौ (kālāntakayamopamau) - like the very embodiments of death (resembling Kāla, Antaka, and Yama)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of kālāntakayamopama

kālāntakayamopama - resembling Kāla (Time/Death), Antaka (Ender of Life), and Yama (God of Death)

Compound referring to Kāla, Antaka, and Yama, followed by 'upama' (resembling)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kāla+antaka+yama+upama)

• kāla – time, death, god of death
  noun (masculine)
• antaka – ender, destroyer, death, Yama
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from ant (to end) + aka
  Root: ant (class 1)
• yama – restrainer, controller, god of death
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from yam (to restrain) + a
  Root: yam (class 1)
• upama – like, resembling, similar
  adjective (masculine)
  From upa (near) + mā (to measure), implying comparison
  Prefix: upa
  Root: mā (class 2)

Note: Agrees with "etau".