महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-11, verse-19

मण्डलानां विभागेषु गतप्रत्यागतेषु च ।
बभूव तुमुलं युद्धं तयोस्तत्र महामृधे ॥१९॥

19. maṇḍalānāṁ vibhāgeṣu gatapratyāgateṣu ca ,
babhūva tumulaṁ yuddhaṁ tayostatra mahāmṛdhe.

19. maṇḍalānām vibhāgeṣu gatapratyāgateṣu ca
babhūva tumulam yuddham tayoḥ tatra mahāmṛdhe

19. tayoḥ tatra mahāmṛdhe maṇḍalānām vibhāgeṣu
ca gatapratyāgateṣu tumulam yuddham babhūva

19. In the sections of their battle formations, and amidst their advances and retreats, a tumultuous battle took place there between those two in that great conflict.

Words meanings summery:

• मण्डलानाम् (maṇḍalānām) - of battle formations or circular movements (of circles, of arrays, of regions, of maneuvers)

• विभागेषु (vibhāgeṣu) - in the sections or divisions of battle formations (in the divisions, in the sections, in the parts)

• गतप्रत्यागतेषु (gatapratyāgateṣu) - in the comings and goings, in the advances and retreats

• च (ca) - and

• बभूव (babhūva) - there was, it came to be, it happened

• तुमुलम् (tumulam) - tumultuous, fierce, noisy, agitated

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, war, fight

• तयोः (tayoḥ) - between the two warriors (of them two, between them two)

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• महामृधे (mahāmṛdhe) - in the great battle, in the great conflict

Words meanings and morphology

मण्डलानाम् (maṇḍalānām) - of battle formations or circular movements (of circles, of arrays, of regions, of maneuvers)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of maṇḍala

maṇḍala - circle, disc, orb, array, division, region, territory, maneuver

विभागेषु (vibhāgeṣu) - in the sections or divisions of battle formations (in the divisions, in the sections, in the parts)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of vibhāga

vibhāga - division, section, part, distribution

derived from root bhaj (to divide, distribute) with prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: bhaj (class 7)

गतप्रत्यागतेषु (gatapratyāgateṣu) - in the comings and goings, in the advances and retreats

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of gatapratyāgata

gatapratyāgata - coming and going, advance and retreat

Compound type : dvandva (gata+pratyāgata)

• gata – gone, past, departed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Root: gam (class 1)
• pratyāgata – returned, come back
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Prefixes: prati+ā
  Root: gam (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

बभूव (babhūva) - there was, it came to be, it happened

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of bhū

perfect active, 3rd person singular

Root: bhū (class 1)

तुमुलम् (tumulam) - tumultuous, fierce, noisy, agitated

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tumula

tumula - tumultuous, noisy, fierce, agitated

युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, war, fight

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, war, fight

Past Passive Participle (often substantivized)

Root: yudh (class 4)

तयोः (tayoḥ) - between the two warriors (of them two, between them two)

(pronoun)

Genitive, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

महामृधे (mahāmṛdhe) - in the great battle, in the great conflict

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of mahāmṛdh

mahāmṛdh - great battle, great conflict

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+mṛdh)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• mṛdh – battle, fight, conflict
  noun (feminine)