महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-55, verse-13

धिक्केकयांस्तथा चेदीन्मत्स्यांश्चैवाथ सृञ्जयान् ।
ये त्वा रणे गतं वीरं न जानन्ति निपातितम् ॥१३॥

13. dhikkekayāṁstathā cedīnmatsyāṁścaivātha sṛñjayān ,
ye tvā raṇe gataṁ vīraṁ na jānanti nipātitam.

13. dhik kekayān tathā cedīn matsyān ca eva atha sṛñjayān
ye tvā raṇe gatam vīram na jānanti nipātitam

13. dhik kekayān tathā cedīn matsyān ca eva atha sṛñjayān
ye raṇe gatam nipātitam vīram tvā na jānanti

13. Woe to the Kekayas, and similarly to the Cedis, Matsyas, and Sṛñjayas! For they do not realize that you, the brave one, have fallen in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• धिक् (dhik) - Expresses strong condemnation or lament for inaction. (woe to, shame on, alas, fie)

• केकयान् (kekayān) - Refers to the warriors from the Kekaya kingdom, allies of the Pāṇḍavas, who failed to protect Abhimanyu. (the Kekayas (a tribe/people))

• तथा (tathā) - Used here as a conjunction, meaning 'and similarly' or 'and also'. (thus, so, in that manner, similarly)

• चेदीन् (cedīn) - Refers to the warriors from the Cedi kingdom, allies of the Pāṇḍavas. (the Cedis (a tribe/people))

• मत्स्यान् (matsyān) - Refers to the warriors from the Matsya kingdom, allies of the Pāṇḍavas. (the Matsyas (a tribe/people))

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• एव (eva) - Emphasizes the preceding word or phrase. (indeed, only, just, even)

• अथ (atha) - Used here as a conjunction, similar to 'and' or 'furthermore'. (now, then, moreover, and)

• सृञ्जयान् (sṛñjayān) - Refers to the warriors from the Sṛñjaya clan, allies of the Pāṇḍavas. (the Sṛñjayas (a tribe/people))

• ये (ye) - Refers back to the Kekayas, Cedis, Matsyas, and Sṛñjayas. (who, those who)

• त्वा (tvā) - Refers to Abhimanyu, the deceased son, addressed in the lament. (you)

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in conflict, on the battlefield

• गतम् (gatam) - Here, specifically 'fallen' or 'died' in battle. (gone, departed, fallen)

• वीरम् (vīram) - hero, brave one, warrior

• न (na) - not, no

• जानन्ति (jānanti) - they know, they understand, they realize

• निपातितम् (nipātitam) - Here, specifically 'fallen' or 'slain' in battle. (caused to fall, slain, brought down, felled)

Words meanings and morphology

धिक् (dhik) - Expresses strong condemnation or lament for inaction. (woe to, shame on, alas, fie)

(indeclinable)

केकयान् (kekayān) - Refers to the warriors from the Kekaya kingdom, allies of the Pāṇḍavas, who failed to protect Abhimanyu. (the Kekayas (a tribe/people))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kekaya

kekaya - name of a people or country, a prince of Kekaya

Note: Object of 'dhik'.

तथा (tathā) - Used here as a conjunction, meaning 'and similarly' or 'and also'. (thus, so, in that manner, similarly)

(indeclinable)

चेदीन् (cedīn) - Refers to the warriors from the Cedi kingdom, allies of the Pāṇḍavas. (the Cedis (a tribe/people))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of cedi

cedi - name of a country and its inhabitants (the Cedis)

Note: Object of 'dhik'.

मत्स्यान् (matsyān) - Refers to the warriors from the Matsya kingdom, allies of the Pāṇḍavas. (the Matsyas (a tribe/people))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of matsya

matsya - fish, name of a country and its people (the Matsyas)

Note: Object of 'dhik'.

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - Emphasizes the preceding word or phrase. (indeed, only, just, even)

(indeclinable)

अथ (atha) - Used here as a conjunction, similar to 'and' or 'furthermore'. (now, then, moreover, and)

(indeclinable)

सृञ्जयान् (sṛñjayān) - Refers to the warriors from the Sṛñjaya clan, allies of the Pāṇḍavas. (the Sṛñjayas (a tribe/people))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sṛñjaya

sṛñjaya - name of a people or tribe, a king of the Sṛñjayas

Note: Object of 'dhik'.

ये (ye) - Refers back to the Kekayas, Cedis, Matsyas, and Sṛñjayas. (who, those who)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

त्वा (tvā) - Refers to Abhimanyu, the deceased son, addressed in the lament. (you)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular)

Alternative form of tvām.

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in conflict, on the battlefield

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat, conflict

Root: raṇ (class 1)

गतम् (gatam) - Here, specifically 'fallen' or 'died' in battle. (gone, departed, fallen)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, departed, passed away, dead, fallen

Past Passive Participle

From root 'gam' (to go) + 'kta' suffix.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Used here in a passive sense or as a state.

वीरम् (vīram) - hero, brave one, warrior

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, brave man, warrior, champion

Note: Appositive to 'tvā'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

जानन्ति (jānanti) - they know, they understand, they realize

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of jñā

Present tense, third person plural, active voice

From root 'jñā' (9th class verb) + 'anti' ending.

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Subject is 'ye' (the Kekayas, Cedis, etc.).

निपातितम् (nipātitam) - Here, specifically 'fallen' or 'slain' in battle. (caused to fall, slain, brought down, felled)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nipātita

nipātita - caused to fall, thrown down, slain, fallen

Past Passive Participle (causative stem)

From 'ni' (down) + root 'pat' (to fall) with causative '-i' and past passive participle suffix '-ta'.

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'tvā' (Abhimanyu). Both 'gatam' and 'nipātitam' describe Abhimanyu.