महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-55, verse-7

योऽन्वास्यत पुरा वीरो वरस्त्रीभिर्महाभुजः ।
कथमन्वास्यते सोऽद्य शिवाभिः पतितो मृधे ॥७॥

7. yo'nvāsyata purā vīro varastrībhirmahābhujaḥ ,
kathamanvāsyate so'dya śivābhiḥ patito mṛdhe.

7. yaḥ anvāsyata purā vīraḥ vara-strībhiḥ mahābhujaḥ
katham anvāsyate saḥ adya śivābhiḥ patitaḥ mṛdhe

7. yaḥ mahābhujaḥ vīraḥ purā vara-strībhiḥ anvāsyata
saḥ adya mṛdhe patitaḥ katham śivābhiḥ anvāsyate

7. How is it that he, the mighty-armed hero who was formerly attended upon by excellent women, is today, having fallen in battle, attended upon by jackals?

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• अन्वास्यत (anvāsyata) - was attended upon, was served

• पुरा (purā) - formerly, in the past, anciently

• वीरः (vīraḥ) - hero, brave man

• वर-स्त्रीभिः (vara-strībhiḥ) - by excellent women, by supreme women

• महाभुजः (mahābhujaḥ) - mighty-armed, one with great arms

• कथम् (katham) - how?, in what manner?

• अन्वास्यते (anvāsyate) - is attended upon, is served

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• अद्य (adya) - today, now

• शिवाभिः (śivābhiḥ) - by jackals

• पतितः (patitaḥ) - fallen

• मृधे (mṛdhe) - in battle, in combat

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who

Note: Relative pronoun

अन्वास्यत (anvāsyata) - was attended upon, was served

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, past imperfect (laṅ) of anv-ās

Imperfect

√ās (2P) with anu, Passive, 3rd Person Singular

Prefix: anu

Root: ās (class 2)

पुरा (purā) - formerly, in the past, anciently

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of time

वीरः (vīraḥ) - hero, brave man

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, brave man, warrior

वर-स्त्रीभिः (vara-strībhiḥ) - by excellent women, by supreme women

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of vara-strī

vara-strī - excellent woman, beautiful woman

Compound type : karmadhāraya (vara+strī)

• vara – excellent, best, choicest; boon
  adjective
• strī – woman, wife
  noun (feminine)

महाभुजः (mahābhujaḥ) - mighty-armed, one with great arms

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābhuja

mahābhuja - one with great arms, mighty-armed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bhuja)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• bhuja – arm, hand
  noun (masculine)

कथम् (katham) - how?, in what manner?

(indeclinable)

Note: Interrogative adverb

अन्वास्यते (anvāsyate) - is attended upon, is served

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of anv-ās

Present Tense

√ās (2P) with anu, Passive, 3rd Person Singular

Prefix: anu

Root: ās (class 2)

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Demonstrative pronoun

अद्य (adya) - today, now

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of time

शिवाभिः (śivābhiḥ) - by jackals

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of śivā

śivā - jackal (female), auspicious one

Note: Here referring to jackals scavenging on a corpse.

पतितः (patitaḥ) - fallen

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of patita

patita - fallen, dropped, degraded

Past Passive Participle

From √pat (1P) 'to fall'

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Participle qualifying 'saḥ'

मृधे (mṛdhe) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of mṛdh

mṛdh - battle, combat, conflict