महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-55, verse-24

ब्रह्मचर्येण यां यान्ति मुनयः संशितव्रताः ।
एकपत्न्यश्च यां यान्ति तां गतिं व्रज पुत्रक ॥२४॥

24. brahmacaryeṇa yāṁ yānti munayaḥ saṁśitavratāḥ ,
ekapatnyaśca yāṁ yānti tāṁ gatiṁ vraja putraka.

24. brahmacaryeṇa yām yānti munayaḥ saṃśitavratāḥ
ekapatnyaḥ ca yām yānti tām gatim vraja putraka

24. putraka tām gatim vraja yām munayaḥ saṃśitavratāḥ
brahmacaryeṇa yānti yām ca ekapatnyaḥ yānti

24. O son, attain that destiny (gati) which sages (muni) of firm vows attain through celibacy (brahmacarya), and which chaste wives also attain.

Words meanings summery:

• ब्रह्मचर्येण (brahmacaryeṇa) - by celibacy (brahmacarya) (by celibacy, by religious student life, by proper conduct)

• याम् (yām) - which (referring to 'gatim') (which, whom)

• यान्ति (yānti) - they attain (they go, they attain)

• मुनयः (munayaḥ) - sages (muni) (sages, ascetics, recluses)

• संशितव्रताः (saṁśitavratāḥ) - of firm vows (having firm vows, of keen/sharp vows)

• एकपत्न्यः (ekapatnyaḥ) - chaste wives (having one husband, chaste wives)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• याम् (yām) - which (referring to 'gatim') (which, whom)

• यान्ति (yānti) - they attain (they go, they attain)

• ताम् (tām) - that (referring to 'gatim') (that, her)

• गतिम् (gatim) - destiny, state, destination (movement, path, destination, state, course)

• व्रज (vraja) - attain (go, proceed, attain)

• पुत्रक (putraka) - O son (O son, dear son)

Words meanings and morphology

ब्रह्मचर्येण (brahmacaryeṇa) - by celibacy (brahmacarya) (by celibacy, by religious student life, by proper conduct)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of brahmacarya

brahmacarya - celibacy, religious student life, proper conduct, (dharma) pertaining to Brahman

From 'brahman' and 'carya' (conduct).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahman+carya)

• brahman – the Absolute, ultimate reality, sacred word, Veda, prayer
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bṛh (class 1)
• carya – conduct, practice, observance
  noun (masculine)
  action noun
  From root 'car' (to move, to perform) with suffix 'ṇyat' or 'yat'.
  Root: car (class 1)

याम् (yām) - which (referring to 'gatim') (which, whom)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ya

ya - which, what, who

यान्ति (yānti) - they attain (they go, they attain)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of yā

Root: yā (class 2)

मुनयः (munayaḥ) - sages (muni) (sages, ascetics, recluses)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, inspired seer

Root: man (class 4)

संशितव्रताः (saṁśitavratāḥ) - of firm vows (having firm vows, of keen/sharp vows)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saṃśitavrata

saṁśitavrata - having sharpened/firm vows

Bahuvrihi compound. 'saṃśita' (sharpened, firm) + 'vrata' (vow).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (saṃśita+vrata)

• saṃśita – sharpened, firm, keen
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'śo' (to sharpen) with prefix 'sam', suffix 'kta'.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: śo (class 4)
• vrata – vow, religious observance, sacred duty
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'munayaḥ'.

एकपत्न्यः (ekapatnyaḥ) - chaste wives (having one husband, chaste wives)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of ekapatnī

ekapatnī - a woman having only one husband, chaste wife

Bahuvrihi compound, feminine form. 'eka' (one) + 'patnī' (wife).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (eka+patnī)

• eka – one, single
  adjective (masculine)
• patnī – wife, mistress
  noun (feminine)
  Root: pat (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

याम् (yām) - which (referring to 'gatim') (which, whom)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ya

ya - which, what, who

यान्ति (yānti) - they attain (they go, they attain)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of yā

Root: yā (class 2)

ताम् (tām) - that (referring to 'gatim') (that, her)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

गतिम् (gatim) - destiny, state, destination (movement, path, destination, state, course)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gati

gati - movement, path, destination, state

action noun

From root 'gam' (to go) with suffix 'ktin'.

Root: gam (class 1)

व्रज (vraja) - attain (go, proceed, attain)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vraj

Root: vraj (class 1)

पुत्रक (putraka) - O son (O son, dear son)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of putraka

putraka - little son, dear son

Diminutive form of 'putra'.