महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-55, verse-2

हा पुत्र मम मन्दायाः कथं संयुगमेत्य ह ।
निधनं प्राप्तवांस्तात पितृतुल्यपराक्रमः ॥२॥

2. hā putra mama mandāyāḥ kathaṁ saṁyugametya ha ,
nidhanaṁ prāptavāṁstāta pitṛtulyaparākramaḥ.

2. hā putra mama mandāyāḥ katham saṃyugam etya ha
nidhanam prāptavān tāta pitṛ-tulya-parākramaḥ

2. hā mama mandāyāḥ putra! tāta! pitṛ-tulya-parākramaḥ
saṃyugam etya katham nidhanam ha prāptavān

2. Alas, my son, of me, the unfortunate one! How, my dear, could you, whose prowess was equal to your father's, having entered battle, meet your demise?

Words meanings summery:

• हा (hā) - alas!, oh!

• पुत्र (putra) - son (vocative)

• मम (mama) - of me (Subhadra) (my, of me)

• मन्दायाः (mandāyāḥ) - of me, the unfortunate one (of the wretched one, of the unfortunate one)

• कथम् (katham) - how?, why?

• संयुगम् (saṁyugam) - to battle, into conflict

• एत्य (etya) - having come, having attained

• ह (ha) - (particle of emphasis)

• निधनम् (nidhanam) - death, demise

• प्राप्तवान् (prāptavān) - he obtained, he reached

• तात (tāta) - dear son (vocative) (dear one, child (vocative))

• पितृ-तुल्य-पराक्रमः (pitṛ-tulya-parākramaḥ) - whose valor is equal to his father's

Words meanings and morphology

हा (hā) - alas!, oh!

(indeclinable)

पुत्र (putra) - son (vocative)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son

मम (mama) - of me (Subhadra) (my, of me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of aham

aham - I

मन्दायाः (mandāyāḥ) - of me, the unfortunate one (of the wretched one, of the unfortunate one)

(adjective)

Genitive, feminine, singular of mandā

mandā - unfortunate, wretched, slow, dull

कथम् (katham) - how?, why?

(indeclinable)

संयुगम् (saṁyugam) - to battle, into conflict

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of saṃyuga

saṁyuga - battle, conflict, encounter

एत्य (etya) - having come, having attained

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Root: i (class 2)

ह (ha) - (particle of emphasis)

(indeclinable)

निधनम् (nidhanam) - death, demise

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nidhana

nidhana - death, destruction, end

प्राप्तवान् (prāptavān) - he obtained, he reached

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāptavat

prāptavat - one who has obtained/reached

Past Active Participle

Formed with suffix -tavat.

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

तात (tāta) - dear son (vocative) (dear one, child (vocative))

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, son, dear one (affectionate term)

पितृ-तुल्य-पराक्रमः (pitṛ-tulya-parākramaḥ) - whose valor is equal to his father's

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitṛ-tulya-parākrama

pitṛ-tulya-parākrama - one whose prowess is like that of his father

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pitṛ-tulya+parākrama)

• pitṛ-tulya – equal to father
  adjective (masculine)
• parākrama – valor, prowess, strength
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: parā
  Root: kram (class 1)