महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-55, verse-16

हा वीर दृष्टो नष्टश्च धनं स्वप्न इवासि मे ।
अहो ह्यनित्यं मानुष्यं जलबुद्बुदचञ्चलम् ॥१६॥

16. hā vīra dṛṣṭo naṣṭaśca dhanaṁ svapna ivāsi me ,
aho hyanityaṁ mānuṣyaṁ jalabudbudacañcalam.

16. hā vīra dṛṣṭaḥ naṣṭaḥ ca dhanaṃ svapnaḥ iva asi
me aho hi anityam mānuṣyam jalabudbudacañcalam

16. hā vīra dṛṣṭaḥ ca naṣṭaḥ me svapnaḥ dhanaṃ iva
asi aho hi mānuṣyam anityam jalabudbudacañcalam

16. Alas, O hero, you appeared and then vanished for me like a dream of wealth. Oh, indeed, human existence is impermanent, as fleeting as a bubble on water.

Words meanings summery:

• हा (hā) - alas (expression of sorrow) (alas, ah, oh)

• वीर (vīra) - O hero (vocative, referring to the deceased) (O hero, brave one)

• दृष्टः (dṛṣṭaḥ) - appeared (was seen) (seen, beheld, appeared)

• नष्टः (naṣṭaḥ) - vanished (disappeared) (lost, disappeared, perished)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• धनम् (dhanam) - wealth (wealth, riches, property)

• स्वप्नः (svapnaḥ) - dream (dream, sleep)

• इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

• असि (asi) - you are

• मे (me) - for me (to me, for me, my)

• अहो (aho) - oh (expression of sorrow/regret) (oh, ah (expression of wonder, sorrow, regret))

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because)

• अनित्यम् (anityam) - impermanent (impermanent, transient, unstable)

• मानुष्यम् (mānuṣyam) - human existence (human existence, humanity, human nature)

• जलबुद्बुदचञ्चलम् (jalabudbudacañcalam) - as fleeting as a water-bubble (as fickle as a water-bubble, transient like a water-bubble)

Words meanings and morphology

हा (hā) - alas (expression of sorrow) (alas, ah, oh)

(indeclinable)

वीर (vīra) - O hero (vocative, referring to the deceased) (O hero, brave one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, brave, mighty, champion

दृष्टः (dṛṣṭaḥ) - appeared (was seen) (seen, beheld, appeared)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dṛṣṭa

dṛṣṭa - seen, perceived, looked at

Past Passive Participle

formed from √dṛś (to see) + suffix -ta

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Refers to the deceased hero.

नष्टः (naṣṭaḥ) - vanished (disappeared) (lost, disappeared, perished)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of naṣṭa

naṣṭa - lost, disappeared, destroyed, perished

Past Passive Participle

formed from √naś (to perish, be lost) + suffix -ta

Root: naś (class 4)

Note: Refers to the deceased hero.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

conjunction

धनम् (dhanam) - wealth (wealth, riches, property)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dhana

dhana - wealth, riches, property, treasure

Root: dhā (class 3)

स्वप्नः (svapnaḥ) - dream (dream, sleep)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of svapna

svapna - sleep, dream, illusion

Root: svap (class 2)

इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

particle of comparison

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

present active

Root: as (class 2)

मे (me) - for me (to me, for me, my)

(pronoun)

singular of ahamad

ahamad - I, me

enclitic form of asmad

Note: Here used in the sense of 'for me'.

अहो (aho) - oh (expression of sorrow/regret) (oh, ah (expression of wonder, sorrow, regret))

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because)

(indeclinable)

particle

अनित्यम् (anityam) - impermanent (impermanent, transient, unstable)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anitya

anitya - impermanent, transient, unstable, not eternal

negative prefix a- + nitya

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+nitya)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• nitya – eternal, constant, perpetual
  adjective (masculine)

मानुष्यम् (mānuṣyam) - human existence (human existence, humanity, human nature)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mānuṣya

mānuṣya - humanity, human state, human existence, human nature

derived from manuṣya (human) with suffix -ya (denoting state or condition)

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Subject of the sentence 'mānuṣyam anityam jalabudbudacañcalam'.

जलबुद्बुदचञ्चलम् (jalabudbudacañcalam) - as fleeting as a water-bubble (as fickle as a water-bubble, transient like a water-bubble)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jalabudbudacañcala

jalabudbudacañcala - fluctuating like a water-bubble, unstable, transient

Compound type : karmadhāraya (jala+budbuda+cañcala)

• jala – water
  noun (neuter)
• budbuda – bubble, foam
  noun (masculine)
• cañcala – moving, flickering, unsteady, fickle, transient
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: cañc (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'mānuṣyam'.