महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-152, verse-5

उपप्रैक्षन्त पाञ्चालाः स्मयमानाः सराजकाः ।
तथैव तावका राजन्घूर्णमानास्ततस्ततः ॥५॥

5. upapraikṣanta pāñcālāḥ smayamānāḥ sarājakāḥ ,
tathaiva tāvakā rājanghūrṇamānāstatastataḥ.

5. upapraikṣanta pāñcālāḥ smayamānāḥ sarājakāḥ
tathā eva tāvakāḥ rājan ghūrṇamānāḥ tataḥ tataḥ

5. pāñcālāḥ sarājakāḥ smayamānāḥ upapraikṣanta
tathā eva rājan tāvakāḥ ghūrṇamānāḥ tataḥ tataḥ

5. The Pañcālas, along with their king, watched on, smiling. Similarly, your men, O King, were reeling here and there.

Words meanings summery:

• उपप्रैक्षन्त (upapraikṣanta) - they observed, they watched closely

• पाञ्चालाः (pāñcālāḥ) - the Pañcālas

• स्मयमानाः (smayamānāḥ) - smiling

• सराजकाः (sarājakāḥ) - with their king

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, certainly

• तावकाः (tāvakāḥ) - your men, your people

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• घूर्णमानाः (ghūrṇamānāḥ) - swaying, reeling, staggering

• ततः (tataḥ) - here (from there, then, thence)

• ततः (tataḥ) - there (from there, then, thence)

Words meanings and morphology

उपप्रैक्षन्त (upapraikṣanta) - they observed, they watched closely

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of īkṣ

Imperfect

3rd plural, middle voice

Prefixes: upa+pra

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Root īkṣ (1st class, Ātmanepada) with prefixes upa and pra.

पाञ्चालाः (pāñcālāḥ) - the Pañcālas

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāñcāla

pāñcāla - a person from the Pañcāla country, the Pañcālas (a tribe/people)

Note: Subject of upapraikṣanta.

स्मयमानाः (smayamānāḥ) - smiling

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of smayamāna

smayamāna - smiling, laughing gently

Present Active Participle

from root smi

Root: smi (class 1)

Note: Participle functioning as an adjective for pāñcālāḥ.

सराजकाः (sarājakāḥ) - with their king

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarājaka

sarājaka - with a king, accompanied by a king

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+rājaka)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
• rājaka – king (diminutive/collective sense of rājan, or just 'king')
  noun (masculine)
  derived from rājan

Note: Agrees with pāñcālāḥ.

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects with eva to mean 'similarly'.

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

Note: Combines with tathā for 'similarly'.

तावकाः (tāvakāḥ) - your men, your people

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tāvaka

tāvaka - your, yours, belonging to you

derived from yuṣmad

Note: Subject of implied verb 'were'.

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Address to Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

घूर्णमानाः (ghūrṇamānāḥ) - swaying, reeling, staggering

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ghūrṇamāna

ghūrṇamāna - swaying, reeling, whirling, staggering

Present Active Participle

from root ghūrṇ

Root: ghūrṇ (class 1)

Note: Participle functioning as an adjective for tāvakāḥ.

ततः (tataḥ) - here (from there, then, thence)

(indeclinable)

ततः (tataḥ) - there (from there, then, thence)

(indeclinable)