महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-152, verse-47

तमपश्यद्धृषीकेशः पाण्डवानां हिते रतः ।
स भीमसेनरक्षार्थं हैडिम्बं प्रत्यचोदयत् ॥४७॥

47. tamapaśyaddhṛṣīkeśaḥ pāṇḍavānāṁ hite rataḥ ,
sa bhīmasenarakṣārthaṁ haiḍimbaṁ pratyacodayat.

47. tam apaśyat hṛṣīkeśaḥ pāṇḍavānām hite rataḥ sa
bhīmasenarakṣārtham haiḍimbam pratyacodayat

47. pāṇḍavānām hite rataḥ hṛṣīkeśaḥ tam apaśyat
saḥ bhīmasenarakṣārtham haiḍimbam pratyacodayat

47. Hrishikesha (hṛṣīkeśa), intent on the welfare of the Pāṇḍavas, saw him. He then prompted Hidimba's son (Haiḍimba) to protect Bhīmasena.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - Bhimasena (him, that)

• अपश्यत् (apaśyat) - he saw

• हृषीकेशः (hṛṣīkeśaḥ) - Krishna, as the master of the senses (Hrishikesha (a name of Krishna))

• पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the Pandavas

• हिते (hite) - in the welfare, for the benefit, in the good

• रतः (rataḥ) - engaged, devoted, intent

• स (sa) - Hrishikesha (he)

• भीमसेनरक्षार्थम् (bhīmasenarakṣārtham) - for the protection of Bhimasena

• हैडिम्बम् (haiḍimbam) - Ghatotkacha (the son of Hidimba) (Hidimba's son, Ghatotkacha)

• प्रत्यचोदयत् (pratyacodayat) - he urged, he incited, he stimulated

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - Bhimasena (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Masculine accusative singular.

Note: Refers to Bhimasena.

अपश्यत् (apaśyat) - he saw

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of √dṛś

Imperfect Active

Formed from the present stem 'paśya'. Augment 'a' precedes the root.

Root: √dṛś (class 1)

हृषीकेशः (hṛṣīkeśaḥ) - Krishna, as the master of the senses (Hrishikesha (a name of Krishna))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hṛṣīkeśa

hṛṣīkeśa - master of the senses; a name of Vishnu/Krishna

Compound of 'hṛṣīka' (sense) and 'īśa' (lord).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (hṛṣīka+īśa)

• hṛṣīka – sense, organ of sense
  noun (neuter)
• īśa – lord, master, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  From √īś (to rule).
  Root: √īś (class 2)

Note: Subject of 'apaśyat'.

पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the Pandavas

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - son of Pandu, descendant of Pandu (Pandavas)

Patronymic from 'Paṇḍu'.

Note: Related to 'hite'.

हिते (hite) - in the welfare, for the benefit, in the good

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of hita

hita - good, welfare, benefit, what is salutary

Past Passive Participle

From √dhā (to place, set) with implication of being well-placed/beneficial. Used as a noun here.

Root: √dhā (class 3)

रतः (rataḥ) - engaged, devoted, intent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rata

rata - engaged in, devoted to, intent on, pleased, fond of

Past Passive Participle

From √ram (to delight, to rest).

Root: √ram (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'hṛṣīkeśaḥ'.

स (sa) - Hrishikesha (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Masculine nominative singular.

Note: Refers to Hrishikesha.

भीमसेनरक्षार्थम् (bhīmasenarakṣārtham) - for the protection of Bhimasena

(indeclinable)

Compound of 'bhīmasena' (name), 'rakṣā' (protection) and 'artha' (purpose). Used adverbially.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhīmasena+rakṣā+artha)

• bhīmasena – name of the second Pandava
  proper noun (masculine)
• rakṣā – protection, guarding
  noun (feminine)
  From √rakṣ (to protect).
  Root: √rakṣ (class 1)
• artha – purpose, meaning, object, wealth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adverbial usage indicating purpose.

हैडिम्बम् (haiḍimbam) - Ghatotkacha (the son of Hidimba) (Hidimba's son, Ghatotkacha)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of haiḍimba

haiḍimba - son of Hidimba (Ghatotkacha)

Patronymic from 'Hiḍimbā'.

Note: Object of 'pratyacodayat'.

प्रत्यचोदयत् (pratyacodayat) - he urged, he incited, he stimulated

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of √cud

Imperfect Active

Causative form of √cud, with prefix 'prati'. Augment 'a' precedes the root.

Prefix: prati

Root: √cud (class 10)