महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-152, verse-2

तथैव तव पुत्रास्ते दुर्योधनपुरोगमाः ।
अप्लवाः प्लवमासाद्य तर्तुकामा इवार्णवम् ॥२॥

2. tathaiva tava putrāste duryodhanapurogamāḥ ,
aplavāḥ plavamāsādya tartukāmā ivārṇavam.

2. tathā eva tava putrāḥ te duryodhanapurogamāḥ
aplavāḥ plavam āsādya tartukāmāḥ iva arṇavam

2. tava putrāḥ te duryodhanapurogamāḥ tathā eva
aplavāḥ plavam āsādya arṇavam tartukāmāḥ iva

2. Just so, your sons, headed by Duryodhana, were like those who, though without a boat, obtained one and desired to cross the ocean.

Words meanings summery:

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• तव (tava) - your

• पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - sons

• ते (te) - they, those

• दुर्योधनपुरोगमाः (duryodhanapurogamāḥ) - headed by Duryodhana

• अप्लवाः (aplavāḥ) - without a boat, raftless

• प्लवम् (plavam) - Alayudha (as the boat) (a boat, a raft)

• आसाद्य (āsādya) - having obtained, having reached, having resorted to

• तर्तुकामाः (tartukāmāḥ) - desiring to cross

• इव (iva) - like, as if

• अर्णवम् (arṇavam) - the ocean, sea

Words meanings and morphology

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle, often combined with 'tathā' as 'tathaiva'.

तव (tava) - your

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - sons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son

Note: Subject of the implied verb, often used with 'te'.

ते (te) - they, those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Redundant with 'putrāḥ', often used for emphasis or continuation.

दुर्योधनपुरोगमाः (duryodhanapurogamāḥ) - headed by Duryodhana

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of duryodhanapurogama

duryodhanapurogama - having Duryodhana as their leader, headed by Duryodhana

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (duryodhana+puras+gama)

• duryodhana – Duryodhana (proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• puras – in front, before, prior
  indeclinable
• gama – going, moving, leading
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun/derivative
  From root gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'putrāḥ'.

अप्लवाः (aplavāḥ) - without a boat, raftless

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of aplava

aplava - without a boat/raft, raftless, helpless

Negative compound (nañ-tatpuruṣa) of plava

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+plava)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• plava – boat, raft, float
  noun (masculine)
  From root plu (to float)
  Root: plu (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'putrāḥ'.

प्लवम् (plavam) - Alayudha (as the boat) (a boat, a raft)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of plava

plava - boat, raft, float

From root plu (to float)

Root: plu (class 1)

Note: Object of 'āsādya'. Refers to Alayudha in this context.

आसाद्य (āsādya) - having obtained, having reached, having resorted to

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From prefix ā + root sad (to sit) in causative form (sādaya) + -ya suffix

Prefix: ā

Root: sad (class 1)

तर्तुकामाः (tartukāmāḥ) - desiring to cross

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tartukāma

tartukāma - desirous of crossing, wishing to cross

From tartu (desire to cross, desiderative form of root tṛ) + kāma (desire), or more commonly from the infinitive (tartum) + kāma.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tartu+kāma)

• tartu – desire to cross
  noun (masculine)
  Desiderative noun
  From desiderative stem of root tṛ (to cross)
  Root: tṛ (class 1)
• kāma – desire, wish
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kam (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'putrāḥ'.

इव (iva) - like, as if

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a simile.

अर्णवम् (arṇavam) - the ocean, sea

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of arṇava

arṇava - ocean, sea, flood

Note: Object of 'tartukāmāḥ' (desire to cross).