महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-152, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
तमागतमभिप्रेक्ष्य भीमकर्माणमाहवे ।
हर्षमाहारयां चक्रुः कुरवः सर्व एव ते ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
tamāgatamabhiprekṣya bhīmakarmāṇamāhave ,
harṣamāhārayāṁ cakruḥ kuravaḥ sarva eva te.

1. sañjayaḥ uvāca tam āgatam abhiprekṣya bhīmakarmāṇam
āhave harṣam āhārayām cakruḥ kuravaḥ sarva eva te

1. sañjayaḥ uvāca te sarva eva kuravaḥ āhave bhīmakarmāṇam
āgatam tam abhiprekṣya harṣam āhārayām cakruḥ

1. Sañjaya said: Seeing him who had arrived and was performing terrible deeds in battle, all those very Kurus felt joy.

Words meanings summery:

• सञ्जयः (sañjayaḥ) - Sañjaya (a proper noun)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• तम् (tam) - him, that

• आगतम् (āgatam) - arrived, come

• अभिप्रेक्ष्य (abhiprekṣya) - having seen, having observed

• भीमकर्माणम् (bhīmakarmāṇam) - him of terrible deeds

• आहवे (āhave) - in battle, in combat

• हर्षम् (harṣam) - joy, delight

• आहारयाम् (āhārayām) - having brought, having caused to be brought

• चक्रुः (cakruḥ) - they made, they did

• कुरवः (kuravaḥ) - the Kurus

• सर्व (sarva) - all (of them) or entirely (all, every)

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, quite

• ते (te) - they, those

Words meanings and morphology

सञ्जयः (sañjayaḥ) - Sañjaya (a proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sañjaya

sañjaya - Sañjaya (charioteer of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Reduplicated perfect from root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

तम् (tam) - him, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the warrior (Alayudha, implied by later verses).

आगतम् (āgatam) - arrived, come

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āgata

āgata - arrived, come, returned

Past Passive Participle

From prefix ā + root gam (to go)

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'tam'.

अभिप्रेक्ष्य (abhiprekṣya) - having seen, having observed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From prefix abhi + pra + root īkṣ (to see) + -ya suffix

Prefixes: abhi+pra

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

भीमकर्माणम् (bhīmakarmāṇam) - him of terrible deeds

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīmakarman

bhīmakarman - one whose deeds are terrible, of terrible actions

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bhīma+karman)

• bhīma – terrible, dreadful, fearful
  adjective (masculine)
  From root bhī (to fear)
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• karman – deed, action, work (karma)
  noun (neuter)
  From root kṛ (to do)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Modifies 'tam'.

आहवे (āhave) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of āhava

āhava - battle, combat, war

From prefix ā + root hu (to offer)

Prefix: ā

Root: hu (class 3)

हर्षम् (harṣam) - joy, delight

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of harṣa

harṣa - joy, delight, pleasure, excitement

From root hṛṣ (to be pleased)

Root: hṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Object of the verb 'āhārayām cakruḥ'.

आहारयाम् (āhārayām) - having brought, having caused to be brought

(verb)

Causative stem +ām suffix for periphrastic perfect

From prefix ā + root hṛ (to carry) in causative form + ām suffix

Prefix: ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: This is an auxiliary part of 'āhārayām cakruḥ', a periphrastic perfect, meaning 'they caused (joy) to be brought' or 'they manifested (joy)'.

चक्रुः (cakruḥ) - they made, they did

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of kṛ

Perfect tense, 3rd person plural

Reduplicated perfect from root kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

कुरवः (kuravaḥ) - the Kurus

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kuru

kuru - a descendant of Kuru, the Kurus

Note: Subject of the verb.

सर्व (sarva) - all (of them) or entirely (all, every)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarva

sarva - all, whole, every, entire

Note: Appears as 'sarva' in the Devanagari input, which is morphologically unusual for an adjective modifying masculine plural 'kuravaḥ'. It is semantically an adjective or adverb meaning 'all' or 'entirely', referring to the Kurus.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, quite

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

ते (te) - they, those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the Kurus.