महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-144, verse-7

नकुलस्तु भृशं विद्धः स्यालेन तव धन्विना ।
निषसाद रथोपस्थे कश्मलं चैनमाविशत् ॥७॥

7. nakulastu bhṛśaṁ viddhaḥ syālena tava dhanvinā ,
niṣasāda rathopasthe kaśmalaṁ cainamāviśat.

7. nakulaḥ tu bhṛśam viddhaḥ syālena tava dhanvinā
niṣasāda rathopasthe kaśmalam ca enam āviśat

7. tava dhanvinā syālena bhṛśam viddhaḥ nakulaḥ tu rathopasthe niṣasāda,
ca kaśmalam enam āviśat.

7. But Nakula, severely wounded by your brother-in-law, the archer (Shakuni), sank down onto the chariot floor, and unconsciousness seized him.

Words meanings summery:

• नकुलः (nakulaḥ) - Nakula, one of the Pāṇḍavas (Nakula (a mongoose, name of a Pāṇḍava))

• तु (tu) - but (but, indeed)

• भृशम् (bhṛśam) - severely (greatly, severely, excessively)

• विद्धः (viddhaḥ) - severely wounded (pierced, struck, wounded)

• स्यालेन (syālena) - by your (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's) brother-in-law, Shakuni (by the brother-in-law)

• तव (tava) - your (referring to King Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (your)

• धन्विना (dhanvinā) - by the archer (Shakuni) (by the archer, by the bowman)

• निषसाद (niṣasāda) - sank down (due to injury) (sat down, sank down)

• रथोपस्थे (rathopasthe) - on the chariot floor/platform (in the chariot's seat, on the chariot floor)

• कश्मलम् (kaśmalam) - unconsciousness (faintness, unconsciousness, distress)

• च (ca) - and

• एनम् (enam) - him (Nakula) (him, this one)

• आविशत् (āviśat) - seized, overcame (entered, pervaded, seized)

Words meanings and morphology

नकुलः (nakulaḥ) - Nakula, one of the Pāṇḍavas (Nakula (a mongoose, name of a Pāṇḍava))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nakula

nakula - a mongoose; name of a son of Mādrī (one of the Pāṇḍavas)

तु (tu) - but (but, indeed)

(indeclinable)

भृशम् (bhṛśam) - severely (greatly, severely, excessively)

(indeclinable)

Accusative singular neuter used adverbially.

Note: Modifies viddhaḥ.

विद्धः (viddhaḥ) - severely wounded (pierced, struck, wounded)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viddha

viddha - pierced, struck, wounded

Past Passive Participle

Root vyadh (to pierce, strike); formed with kta suffix.

Root: vyadh (class 4)

स्यालेन (syālena) - by your (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's) brother-in-law, Shakuni (by the brother-in-law)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of syāla

syāla - wife's brother, brother-in-law

तव (tava) - your (referring to King Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (your)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Second person pronoun.

Note: Possessive pronoun, qualifies syālena.

धन्विना (dhanvinā) - by the archer (Shakuni) (by the archer, by the bowman)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dhanvin

dhanvin - archer, bowman, possessing a bow

From dhanus (bow) + -in suffix (possessive).

निषसाद (niṣasāda) - sank down (due to injury) (sat down, sank down)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of sad

Perfect tense, P.P. (Parasmaipada)

Root sad (to sit, sink) with prefix ni-. Perfect tense formation.

Prefix: ni

Root: sad (class 1)

रथोपस्थे (rathopasthe) - on the chariot floor/platform (in the chariot's seat, on the chariot floor)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of rathopastha

rathopastha - the seat or floor of a chariot

Tatpuruṣa compound: rathasya upasthaḥ (the seat of the chariot).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī tatpuruṣa (ratha+upastha)

• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ram (class 1)
• upastha – lap, seat, floor, surface
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: upa
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Location of the action.

कश्मलम् (kaśmalam) - unconsciousness (faintness, unconsciousness, distress)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kaśmala

kaśmala - faintness, stupor, distress, impurity

Note: This is the subject of āviśat.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the two clauses.

एनम् (enam) - him (Nakula) (him, this one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one (demonstrative pronoun)

Demonstrative pronoun, masculine accusative singular.

Note: Object of āviśat.

आविशत् (āviśat) - seized, overcame (entered, pervaded, seized)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of viś

Imperfect tense, P.P. (Parasmaipada)

Root viś (to enter) with prefix ā-. Imperfect tense formation.

Prefix: ā

Root: viś (class 6)