महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-144, verse-24

अथान्यद्धनुरादाय गौतमो रथिनां वरः ।
प्राच्छादयच्छितैर्बाणैर्महाराज शिखण्डिनम् ॥२४॥

24. athānyaddhanurādāya gautamo rathināṁ varaḥ ,
prācchādayacchitairbāṇairmahārāja śikhaṇḍinam.

24. atha anyat dhanuḥ ādāya gautamaḥ rathinām varaḥ
prācchādayat śitaiḥ bāṇaiḥ mahārāja śikhaṇḍinam

24. mahārāja atha rathinām varaḥ gautamaḥ anyat dhanuḥ
ādāya śitaiḥ bāṇaiḥ śikhaṇḍinam prācchādayat

24. Then, O great king, Gautama (Kripa), the best of charioteers, took another bow and enveloped Shikhandi with sharp arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then (then, now, thereupon)

• अन्यत् (anyat) - another (bow) (another, other)

• धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

• आदाय (ādāya) - having taken (having taken, seizing)

• गौतमः (gautamaḥ) - Gautama (Kripa) (Gautama (name of a sage))

• रथिनाम् (rathinām) - of the charioteers (of charioteers)

• वरः (varaḥ) - best (best, excellent, choicest)

• प्राच्छादयत् (prācchādayat) - covered, enveloped (covered, enveloped, concealed)

• शितैः (śitaiḥ) - with sharp (with sharpened, keen)

• बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - with arrows

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O King Dhritarashtra (O great king)

• शिखण्डिनम् (śikhaṇḍinam) - Shikhandi (Shikhandi (accusative))

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then (then, now, thereupon)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects to previous action.

अन्यत् (anyat) - another (bow) (another, other)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anya

anya - other, another, different

Note: Modifies 'dhanuḥ'.

धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow

Note: Object of 'ādāya'.

आदाय (ādāya) - having taken (having taken, seizing)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

from √dā ('to give') with upasarga ā- (meaning 'to take'), suffix -ya

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Denotes action completed before 'prācchādayat'.

गौतमः (gautamaḥ) - Gautama (Kripa) (Gautama (name of a sage))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gautama

gautama - Gautama (name of a sage, also an epithet for Kripa)

Note: Subject of 'prācchādayat'.

रथिनाम् (rathinām) - of the charioteers (of charioteers)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rathin

rathin - charioteer, warrior fighting from a chariot

Note: Possessive, modifies 'varaḥ'.

वरः (varaḥ) - best (best, excellent, choicest)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - best, excellent, choicest; a boon

Note: Modifies 'gautamaḥ'.

प्राच्छादयत् (prācchādayat) - covered, enveloped (covered, enveloped, concealed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of √chad

Imperfect Active Third Person Singular (Causative)

from causative of √chad, class 10 (Curādi) verb (chādayati), with upasarga pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: chad (class 10)

Note: Subject is 'gautamaḥ'.

शितैः (śitaiḥ) - with sharp (with sharpened, keen)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śita

śita - sharpened, keen, sharp

Past Passive Participle

from √śo ('to sharpen, whet')

Root: śo (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'bāṇaiḥ'.

बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bāṇa

bāṇa - arrow

Note: Instrument of 'prācchādayat'.

महाराज (mahārāja) - O King Dhritarashtra (O great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+rājan)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

शिखण्डिनम् (śikhaṇḍinam) - Shikhandi (Shikhandi (accusative))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śikhaṇḍin

śikhaṇḍin - Shikhandin (a proper name, lit. 'crested')

Note: Object of 'prācchādayat'.