महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-144, verse-14

तस्य तद्वचनं श्रुत्वा माद्रीपुत्रस्य धीमतः ।
प्रायात्तेन रणे राजन्येन द्रोणोऽन्वयुध्यत ॥१४॥

14. tasya tadvacanaṁ śrutvā mādrīputrasya dhīmataḥ ,
prāyāttena raṇe rājanyena droṇo'nvayudhyata.

14. tasya tat vacanam śrutvā mādrīputrasya dhīmataḥ
prāyāt tena raṇe rājan yena droṇaḥ anvayudhyata

14. rājan mādrīputrasya dhīmataḥ tasya tat vacanam śrutvā
(sārathiḥ) tena (mārgeṇa) raṇe prāyāt yena droṇaḥ anvayudhyata

14. O King, upon hearing those words from the wise son of Mādrī, he (the charioteer) proceeded by that path in battle where Droṇa was fighting.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - his, of him, of that

• तत् (tat) - that, those

• वचनम् (vacanam) - speech, word, command

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• माद्रीपुत्रस्य (mādrīputrasya) - of Nakula, the son of Mādrī (of the son of Mādrī (Nakula or Sahadeva))

• धीमतः (dhīmataḥ) - of the wise, intelligent

• प्रायात् (prāyāt) - the charioteer proceeded (he went forth, he proceeded)

• तेन (tena) - by that direction (indicated by Nakula) (by him, by that (direction/path))

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, on the battlefield

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• येन (yena) - by which (path/direction) Droṇa was fighting (by whom, by which (path/direction))

• द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Droṇa

• अन्वयुध्यत (anvayudhyata) - was engaged in combat (was fought against, was battling)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - his, of him, of that

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तत् (tat) - that, those

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

वचनम् (vacanam) - speech, word, command

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - speech, word, saying

From root 'vac' (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

Absolutive form from root 'śru'

Root: śru (class 5)

माद्रीपुत्रस्य (mādrīputrasya) - of Nakula, the son of Mādrī (of the son of Mādrī (Nakula or Sahadeva))

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mādrīputra

mādrīputra - son of Mādrī

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mādrī+putra)

• mādrī – Mādrī (name of Pāṇḍu's second wife and mother of Nakula and Sahadeva)
  proper noun (feminine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

धीमतः (dhīmataḥ) - of the wise, intelligent

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dhīmat

dhīmat - wise, intelligent, thoughtful

From 'dhī' (intellect) + 'matup' suffix

प्रायात् (prāyāt) - the charioteer proceeded (he went forth, he proceeded)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of prāyā

Prefix: pra

Root: yā (class 2)

तेन (tena) - by that direction (indicated by Nakula) (by him, by that (direction/path))

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, on the battlefield

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, conflict, war

Root: raṇ (class 1)

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

येन (yena) - by which (path/direction) Droṇa was fighting (by whom, by which (path/direction))

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Droṇa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Droṇa (name of a preceptor)

अन्वयुध्यत (anvayudhyata) - was engaged in combat (was fought against, was battling)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of anvayudh

Prefix: anu

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Used in passive sense 'was fought against' or middle sense 'was battling'.