महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-143, verse-34

तत्र भारत पुत्रस्ते कृतवान्कर्म दुष्करम् ।
प्रतिविन्ध्यहयानुग्रैः पातयामास यच्छरैः ॥३४॥

34. tatra bhārata putraste kṛtavānkarma duṣkaram ,
prativindhyahayānugraiḥ pātayāmāsa yaccharaiḥ.

34. tatra bhārata putraḥ te kṛtavān karma duṣkaram
prativindhyahayān ugraiḥ pātayāmāsa yat śaraiḥ

34. bhārata tatra te putraḥ duṣkaram karma kṛtavān
yat ugraiḥ śaraiḥ prativindhyahayān pātayāmāsa

34. O Bhārata, your son (Duśśāsana) performed a difficult deed there, because he struck down Prativindhya's horses with fierce arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place, in that situation

• भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O Bhārata, O descendant of Bharata)

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - your son (Duśśāsana) (son)

• ते (te) - your

• कृतवान् (kṛtavān) - performed, did

• कर्म (karma) - deed, action, work

• दुष्करम् (duṣkaram) - difficult, hard to do

• प्रतिविन्ध्यहयान् (prativindhyahayān) - Prativindhya's horses

• उग्रैः (ugraiḥ) - by fierce (arrows) (by fierce, by terrible, by mighty)

• पातयामास (pātayāmāsa) - caused to fall, threw down, struck down

• यत् (yat) - because, since (introduces a causal clause) (which, that, because, since)

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

Words meanings and morphology

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place, in that situation

(indeclinable)

भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O Bhārata, O descendant of Bharata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata; an Indian

Derived from 'Bharata' with suffix 'aṇ'

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - your son (Duśśāsana) (son)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

ते (te) - your

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular)

Note: Enclitic form of 'tava'

कृतवान् (kṛtavān) - performed, did

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛ

kṛ - to do, to make, to perform

past active participle

root kṛ (class 8), past active participle, with suffix -vat

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Past Active Participle modifying 'putraḥ'

कर्म (karma) - deed, action, work

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, work, ritual

दुष्करम् (duṣkaram) - difficult, hard to do

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of duṣkara

duṣkara - difficult, hard to do, arduous

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dus+kara)

• dus – bad, difficult, hard
  prefix
• kara – doing, making, causing
  adjective (masculine)
  suffix 'a' from root kṛ
  agent noun derived from root kṛ
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Modifies 'karma'

प्रतिविन्ध्यहयान् (prativindhyahayān) - Prativindhya's horses

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of prativindhyahaya

prativindhyahaya - horses belonging to Prativindhya

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (Prativindhya+haya)

• Prativindhya – name of one of the Pāṇḍavas' sons
  proper noun (masculine)
• haya – horse
  noun (masculine)

उग्रैः (ugraiḥ) - by fierce (arrows) (by fierce, by terrible, by mighty)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ugra

ugra - fierce, terrible, dreadful, mighty

Note: Modifies 'śaraiḥ'

पातयामास (pātayāmāsa) - caused to fall, threw down, struck down

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of pat

perfect (liṭ), causative, parasmaipada

Causative of root pat (class 1), perfect, 3rd person singular, parasmaipada, periphrastic perfect with 'āmāsa'

Root: pat (class 1)

यत् (yat) - because, since (introduces a causal clause) (which, that, because, since)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used as a conjunction here, explaining the preceding statement.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed