महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-140, verse-27

माधवस्तु रणे विद्धो धर्मपुत्रेण मारिष ।
प्राकम्पत च रोषेण सप्तभिश्चार्दयच्छरैः ॥२७॥

27. mādhavastu raṇe viddho dharmaputreṇa māriṣa ,
prākampata ca roṣeṇa saptabhiścārdayaccharaiḥ.

27. mādhavaḥ tu raṇe viddhaḥ dharmaputreṇa māriṣa
prākampata ca roṣeṇa saptabhiḥ ca ardayat śaraiḥ

27. māriṣa tu dharmaputreṇa raṇe viddhaḥ mādhavaḥ
roṣeṇa prākampata ca saptabhiḥ śaraiḥ ca ārdayat

27. But Mādhava (Kṛtavarmā), O respected one, having been struck in battle by the son of Dharma (Yudhiṣṭhira), trembled with rage and afflicted [him] with seven arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• माधवः (mādhavaḥ) - Mādhava, referring to Kṛtavarmā, as he is a Yādava (Mādhava (Krishna, or a descendent of Madhu), Kṛtavarmā)

• तु (tu) - but, however (but, on the other hand, however)

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in the fight)

• विद्धः (viddhaḥ) - having been struck/pierced (pierced, struck, wounded)

• धर्मपुत्रेण (dharmaputreṇa) - by Yudhiṣṭhira, the son of Dharma (by the son of Dharma (Yudhiṣṭhira))

• मारिष (māriṣa) - O respected one (vocative address) (O respected one, O noble one)

• प्राकम्पत (prākampata) - he (Mādhava) trembled (he trembled, he quivered)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• रोषेण (roṣeṇa) - with rage (with rage, out of anger)

• सप्तभिः (saptabhiḥ) - with seven (arrows) (with seven)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• आर्दयत् (ārdayat) - he (Mādhava) wounded/afflicted (Yudhiṣṭhira) (he afflicted, he wounded, he tormented)

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with (seven) arrows (with arrows)

Words meanings and morphology

माधवः (mādhavaḥ) - Mādhava, referring to Kṛtavarmā, as he is a Yādava (Mādhava (Krishna, or a descendent of Madhu), Kṛtavarmā)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mādhava

mādhava - descendant of Madhu; Krishna; name of a Yādava warrior (Kṛtavarmā)

Note: Subject.

तु (tu) - but, however (but, on the other hand, however)

(indeclinable)

रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in the fight)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, fight, war

Root: raṇ (class 1)

विद्धः (viddhaḥ) - having been struck/pierced (pierced, struck, wounded)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viddha

viddha - pierced, struck, wounded

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vyadh- 'to pierce'.

Root: vyadh (class 4)

Note: Describes the state of Mādhava.

धर्मपुत्रेण (dharmaputreṇa) - by Yudhiṣṭhira, the son of Dharma (by the son of Dharma (Yudhiṣṭhira))

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dharmaputra

dharmaputra - son of Dharma (natural law), son of righteousness; Yudhiṣṭhira

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+putra)

• dharma – natural law, righteousness, duty, constitution
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agent of piercing.

मारिष (māriṣa) - O respected one (vocative address) (O respected one, O noble one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of māriṣa

māriṣa - O respected one, O noble one (vocative address)

प्राकम्पत (prākampata) - he (Mādhava) trembled (he trembled, he quivered)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of prakamp

Imperfect Middle

Root kamp- 'to tremble' with upasarga pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: kamp (class 1)

Note: Subject is Mādhava.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects prākampata and roṣeṇa.

रोषेण (roṣeṇa) - with rage (with rage, out of anger)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of roṣa

roṣa - rage, anger, wrath

Derived from root ruṣ- 'to be angry'.

Root: ruṣ (class 4)

सप्तभिः (saptabhiḥ) - with seven (arrows) (with seven)

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with śaraiḥ.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: This 'ca' joins the two actions of Mādhava: trembling and afflicting.

आर्दयत् (ārdayat) - he (Mādhava) wounded/afflicted (Yudhiṣṭhira) (he afflicted, he wounded, he tormented)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of ārd

Imperfect Active

Derived from root ṛd- 'to pain, to torment' with lengthening.

Root: ṛd (class 1)

Note: Subject is Mādhava; object (Yudhiṣṭhira) is implied.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with (seven) arrows (with arrows)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

Root: śṛ

Note: Instrument for afflicting.