महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-123, verse-41

संजय उवाच ।
एवं संदर्शयन्कृष्णो रणभूमिं किरीटिनः ।
स्वैः समेतः स मुदितः पाञ्चजन्यं व्यनादयत् ॥४१॥

41. saṁjaya uvāca ,
evaṁ saṁdarśayankṛṣṇo raṇabhūmiṁ kirīṭinaḥ ,
svaiḥ sametaḥ sa muditaḥ pāñcajanyaṁ vyanādayat.

41. saṃjaya uvāca | evaṃ saṃdarśayan kṛṣṇaḥ raṇabhūmim
kirīṭinaḥ | svaiḥ sametaḥ sa muditaḥ pāñcajanyam vyanādayat

41. saṃjaya uvāca evaṃ kirīṭinaḥ raṇabhūmim saṃdarśayan kṛṣṇaḥ,
svaiḥ sametaḥ,
muditaḥ saḥ,
pāñcajanyam vyanādayat.

41. Sanjaya said: Thus, showing the battlefield to the crowned one (Arjuna), Kṛṣṇa, delighted and accompanied by his own (kinsmen), blew his conch Pāñcajanya.

Words meanings summery:

• संजय (saṁjaya) - Sanjaya (Sanjaya (proper name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• एवं (evaṁ) - thus (thus, in this manner)

• संदर्शयन् (saṁdarśayan) - showing (showing, pointing out)

• कृष्णः (kṛṣṇaḥ) - Kṛṣṇa (Krishna (proper name))

• रणभूमिम् (raṇabhūmim) - battlefield

• किरीटिनः (kirīṭinaḥ) - to the crowned one (Arjuna) (of/to the crowned one)

• स्वैः (svaiḥ) - by his own (kinsmen/allies) (by/with his own (people/things))

• समेतः (sametaḥ) - accompanied (accompanied, assembled, met)

• स (sa) - he (Kṛṣṇa) (he, that)

• मुदितः (muditaḥ) - delighted (delighted, joyful, glad)

• पाञ्चजन्यम् (pāñcajanyam) - (his conch) Pāñcajanya (the conch Pāñcajanya)

• व्यनादयत् (vyanādayat) - blew (made to sound, blew, caused to roar)

Words meanings and morphology

संजय (saṁjaya) - Sanjaya (Sanjaya (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Sanjaya (name of Dhritarashtra's charioteer and narrator of the Mahabharata)

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

perfect active indicative

Root vac, 3rd person singular perfect, active voice.

Root: vac (class 2)

एवं (evaṁ) - thus (thus, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

संदर्शयन् (saṁdarśayan) - showing (showing, pointing out)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃdarśayat

saṁdarśayat - showing, pointing out, causing to see

Present Active Participle

From sam- (prefix) + root dṛś (to see) in causative stem (darśaya) + -at suffix.

Prefix: sam

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'kṛṣṇaḥ'.

कृष्णः (kṛṣṇaḥ) - Kṛṣṇa (Krishna (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛṣṇa

kṛṣṇa - Kṛṣṇa (a prominent deity in Hinduism); black, dark

रणभूमिम् (raṇabhūmim) - battlefield

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of raṇabhūmi

raṇabhūmi - battlefield, arena of war

Compound of raṇa (battle) and bhūmi (ground).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (raṇa+bhūmi)

• raṇa – battle, combat, war
  noun (masculine/neuter)
• bhūmi – earth, ground, land
  noun (feminine)

Note: Object of 'saṃdarśayan'.

किरीटिनः (kirīṭinaḥ) - to the crowned one (Arjuna) (of/to the crowned one)

(proper noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of kirīṭin

kirīṭin - wearing a diadem or tiara, crowned; Arjuna (as he received a kirīṭa from Indra)

Derived from kirīṭa (crown) with suffix -in.

Note: Refers to Arjuna.

स्वैः (svaiḥ) - by his own (kinsmen/allies) (by/with his own (people/things))

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sva

sva - own, one's own; kinsman, property

Note: Refers to Krishna's kinsmen or allies.

समेतः (sametaḥ) - accompanied (accompanied, assembled, met)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sameta

sameta - come together, met, joined, accompanied

Past Passive Participle

From sam- (prefix) + root i (to go) + suffix -ta.

Prefix: sam

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'kṛṣṇaḥ'.

स (sa) - he (Kṛṣṇa) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Kṛṣṇa.

मुदितः (muditaḥ) - delighted (delighted, joyful, glad)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mudita

mudita - delighted, joyful, glad

Past Passive Participle

From root mud (to rejoice) with suffix -ta.

Root: mud (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'kṛṣṇaḥ'.

पाञ्चजन्यम् (pāñcajanyam) - (his conch) Pāñcajanya (the conch Pāñcajanya)

(proper noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pāñcajanya

pāñcajanya - Pāñcajanya (the conch shell of Kṛṣṇa)

Named after the demon Pañcajana.

Note: Object of 'vyanādayat'.

व्यनादयत् (vyanādayat) - blew (made to sound, blew, caused to roar)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of nad

imperfect active causative

From vi- (prefix) + root nad (to sound) in causative (nādaya) + imperfect ending -at.

Prefix: vi

Root: nad (class 1)